Norio Taniguchi

Definition

Norio Taniguchi is a Japanese researcher who is credited with coining the term 'nanotechnology' in 1974. He defined nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter at the atomic and molecular levels, typically within the range of 1 to 100 nanometers. His work laid the foundation for future research and development in this field, highlighting the potential for creating new materials and devices with unique properties.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Taniguchi's definition of nanotechnology emphasized the importance of manipulating individual atoms and molecules, which was revolutionary at the time.
2. His pioneering ideas in nanotechnology have influenced various fields including materials science, medicine, and electronics.
3. Taniguchi's work led to the recognition of nanotechnology as a distinct area of scientific inquiry and innovation.
4. In 2001, Taniguchi was awarded the prestigious Japan Prize for his contributions to science and technology in the field of nanotechnology.
5. Taniguchi's insights about the unique properties that materials exhibit at the nanoscale have driven extensive research into applications such as drug delivery systems and advanced materials.

Review Questions

• How did Norio Taniguchi's definition of nanotechnology influence the direction of scientific research in this field?
  • Norio Taniguchi's definition of nanotechnology set a clear focus on manipulating matter at the atomic and molecular levels, which was a groundbreaking idea. This perspective has influenced scientific research by encouraging scientists to explore new methods and techniques for working at the nanoscale. It also laid the groundwork for various applications in fields such as electronics, materials science, and medicine, driving innovation and attracting funding and interest in nanotechnology.
• Evaluate the significance of Norio Taniguchi's contributions to the development of nanotechnology as a recognized scientific discipline.
  • Norio Taniguchi's contributions were pivotal in establishing nanotechnology as a recognized scientific discipline. By coining the term and outlining its foundational principles, he opened up new avenues for research that emphasized manipulation at the nanoscale. His work helped garner interest from both academia and industry, leading to substantial advancements in material properties and applications. This recognition also facilitated collaborations across disciplines, fostering innovation and leading to breakthroughs in technology.
• Analyze how Norio Taniguchi’s ideas on nanotechnology have shaped modern technological advancements in various sectors.
  • Norio Taniguchi's ideas on nanotechnology have profoundly shaped modern technological advancements across multiple sectors. His emphasis on nanoscale manipulation has led to innovations in medicine, such as targeted drug delivery systems that utilize nanoparticles for enhanced therapeutic effects. In electronics, his principles have facilitated the development of smaller, more efficient devices that leverage unique properties at the nanoscale. Additionally, advancements in materials science, including stronger and lighter materials, owe much to the foundation laid by Taniguchi's insights into manipulating matter at such small scales.

Related terms

Nanometer: A unit of measurement equal to one billionth of a meter, commonly used to describe structures at the nanoscale.

Self-assembly: The process by which molecules spontaneously organize into structured arrangements without external direction, often used in nanotechnology to create complex materials.

Bottom-up approach: A method of building materials and devices from the atomic or molecular level, as opposed to the top-down approach which starts with bulk materials.