Cit

Definition

Cit is a Sanskrit term that translates to 'consciousness' or 'awareness' and plays a crucial role in the philosophy of Viśiṣṭādvaita, or qualified non-dualism. In this philosophical framework, cit is viewed as the fundamental essence of reality, which unites the individual self (jīva) with the ultimate reality (Brahman). It emphasizes the relationship between the finite and the infinite, suggesting that while individual consciousness is distinct, it is also a reflection of the universal consciousness.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In Viśiṣṭādvaita, cit is considered to be both individual and universal, highlighting the interconnectedness of all consciousness.
2. Cit serves as a bridge between the individual jīva and Brahman, indicating that while each jīva has its unique experiences, it ultimately shares in the nature of cit.
3. The understanding of cit helps to clarify the role of personal devotion (bhakti) in attaining liberation (moksha) by recognizing one's connection to Brahman.
4. Cit is often contrasted with jada, meaning 'inanimate' or 'non-conscious', emphasizing the distinction between conscious beings and the material world.
5. Philosophers like Rāmānuja emphasize that understanding cit leads to a greater appreciation of God's personal nature and attributes within Viśiṣṭādvaita.

Review Questions

• How does the concept of cit contribute to understanding the relationship between the individual self and ultimate reality in Viśiṣṭādvaita?
  • Cit illustrates that while each individual self (jīva) maintains its distinct identity, it simultaneously reflects a part of the universal consciousness (Brahman). This dual aspect of cit emphasizes that individuals are not entirely separate from Brahman; instead, they exist in a relationship where personal consciousness ultimately arises from and returns to this universal source. Understanding cit helps to reconcile the apparent differences between individual experiences and the oneness of ultimate reality.
• Discuss how cit contrasts with jada and its implications for understanding consciousness in Viśiṣṭādvaita philosophy.
  • In Viśiṣṭādvaita philosophy, cit represents consciousness, while jada refers to the inanimate or non-conscious aspects of existence. This distinction highlights the nature of conscious beings as fundamentally different from material entities. The implications are profound: recognizing that all conscious beings share in cit underscores the sanctity and interconnectedness of life, thereby influencing ethical considerations and spiritual practices aimed at realizing this shared essence.
• Evaluate how an understanding of cit might shape one's approach to personal devotion (bhakti) in relation to Brahman within Viśiṣṭādvaita.
  • An understanding of cit can profoundly influence one’s approach to bhakti by fostering a sense of intimacy and connection with Brahman. When individuals recognize that their own consciousness is a reflection of Brahman, it encourages personal devotion not merely as worship but as a realization of unity with the divine. This perspective nurtures a deeper emotional engagement in devotional practices, motivating seekers to cultivate their relationship with God as an expression of their inherent nature as conscious beings that share in Brahman's essence.

Related terms

Brahman: The ultimate, unchanging reality in Hindu philosophy, often associated with the concept of an all-pervading cosmic spirit.

Jīva: The individual soul or self in Hindu philosophy, representing the conscious being that experiences life and is subject to the cycle of birth and rebirth.

Maya: The illusion or appearance of the phenomenal world in Hindu philosophy, which can obscure the true nature of reality.