CO2 Absorption

Definition

CO2 absorption refers to the process by which carbon dioxide is taken up by various natural systems, primarily oceans, plants, and soils. This process plays a crucial role in regulating atmospheric CO2 levels, influencing climate change, ocean chemistry, and ecological balance. Through absorption, CO2 can affect sea level rise due to thermal expansion of water and contribute to ocean acidification, which impacts marine life and ecosystems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CO2 absorption occurs mainly in oceans, which absorb about 30% of the atmospheric CO2 emissions produced by human activities.
2. As the ocean absorbs more CO2, it leads to increased acidity (lower pH), which can disrupt the formation of shells and skeletons in marine organisms like corals and shellfish.
3. Plants absorb CO2 through photosynthesis, acting as a natural carbon sink that helps mitigate climate change effects by removing CO2 from the atmosphere.
4. Higher levels of absorbed CO2 can contribute to thermal expansion of ocean water, leading to sea level rise as warmer water takes up more space.
5. The balance between positive feedback (like increased temperature leading to more CO2 release) and negative feedback (such as enhanced plant growth absorbing more CO2) is critical for understanding climate dynamics.

Review Questions

• How does CO2 absorption influence ocean chemistry and marine ecosystems?
  • CO2 absorption significantly alters ocean chemistry by increasing the levels of carbonic acid in seawater, which lowers the pH and leads to ocean acidification. This change affects marine ecosystems by harming organisms that rely on calcium carbonate for their shells and skeletons, such as corals and mollusks. As these species struggle to survive in more acidic waters, the entire food web can be disrupted, impacting biodiversity and fisheries.
• Discuss the interplay between CO2 absorption and sea level rise.
  • CO2 absorption is linked to sea level rise primarily through two mechanisms: thermal expansion of seawater as temperatures rise and the melting of ice sheets due to global warming. When oceans absorb excess CO2, they become warmer, leading to thermal expansion that contributes directly to rising sea levels. Additionally, the increased warming accelerates ice melt in polar regions, further raising sea levels. This combination poses significant risks to coastal communities and ecosystems.
• Evaluate the long-term implications of CO2 absorption on global climate regulation and ecosystem health.
  • In the long term, CO2 absorption plays a critical role in global climate regulation by moderating atmospheric CO2 levels. However, excessive absorption can lead to detrimental effects such as ocean acidification and habitat loss for sensitive marine species. If absorption rates cannot keep pace with rising emissions from human activities, it could trigger positive feedback loops that worsen climate change. Understanding these dynamics is essential for developing effective strategies to mitigate climate impacts and protect ecosystem health.

Related terms

Ocean Acidification: The process by which increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere lead to higher concentrations of carbonic acid in ocean waters, resulting in lower pH levels that can harm marine organisms.

Carbon Cycle: The natural cycle through which carbon is exchanged among the atmosphere, land, water, and living organisms, playing a key role in regulating climate and supporting life.

Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants use sunlight to convert CO2 and water into glucose and oxygen, playing a vital role in reducing atmospheric CO2 levels.