Last Supper

Definition

The Last Supper refers to the final meal that Jesus shared with his disciples before his crucifixion, which is a pivotal event in Christianity. This meal is significant because it established the practice of Communion and represents Jesus’ sacrificial offering for humanity's sins. The Last Supper highlights themes of betrayal, sacrifice, and the institution of a new covenant between God and believers.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Last Supper is depicted in various works of art, most famously in Leonardo da Vinci's mural, which captures the moment when Jesus announces his impending betrayal.
2. During this meal, Jesus broke bread and shared wine with his disciples, symbolizing his body and blood, respectively, establishing the sacrament of Communion.
3. Judas Iscariot's betrayal is a crucial element discussed during the Last Supper, as he was present at the meal before turning against Jesus.
4. The event is described in all four Gospels—Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John—though each account includes unique details and theological implications.
5. The Last Supper takes place during Passover, linking it to Jewish tradition and further emphasizing its significance in Christian beliefs regarding sacrifice and redemption.

Review Questions

• How does the Last Supper illustrate themes of sacrifice and betrayal within the context of Jesus' mission?
  • The Last Supper highlights sacrifice through Jesus’ institution of Communion, where he identifies bread and wine with his impending sacrifice on the cross for humanity's sins. It also illustrates betrayal through Judas Iscariot's actions, as he participates in the meal knowing he will betray Jesus. This duality reflects the tension between divine purpose and human choice, emphasizing the gravity of the events that are about to unfold.
• Discuss the significance of the Last Supper in establishing the practice of Communion within Christian worship.
  • The Last Supper is foundational for the practice of Communion, as it is during this meal that Jesus instructs his disciples to eat bread and drink wine in remembrance of him. This sacrament serves as a vital ritual within Christianity, symbolizing believers' unity with Christ and each other. By commemorating this event regularly in worship services, Christians honor Jesus' sacrifice and reinforce their faith community's identity.
• Evaluate how interpretations of the Last Supper have evolved over time and what this indicates about changes in Christian theology.
  • Interpretations of the Last Supper have evolved significantly, reflecting shifts in Christian theology over centuries. Early interpretations focused primarily on its sacrificial aspects, emphasizing Jesus’ atonement for sin. However, modern understandings often highlight themes of community and inclusivity. This evolution indicates a broader trend towards understanding faith not just as a personal relationship with Christ but also as a collective experience among believers, showing how theology can adapt to cultural contexts while remaining rooted in tradition.

Related terms

Communion: A Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper, in which bread and wine are consumed as symbols of Jesus' body and blood.

Betrayal: The act of Judas Iscariot betraying Jesus for thirty pieces of silver during the Last Supper, leading to Jesus' arrest.

Covenant: An agreement or promise made between God and humanity, which is central to Christian theology and is renewed during the Last Supper.