Centaurs

Definition

Centaurs are small celestial bodies that have characteristics of both asteroids and comets. They typically orbit the Sun between Jupiter and Neptune, displaying unstable orbits due to gravitational interactions with these giant planets.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Centaurs exhibit characteristics of both comets and asteroids, often showing a mix of rocky and icy components.
2. The first discovered centaur was 2060 Chiron in 1977.
3. Due to their unstable orbits, centaurs can eventually become active comets if they move closer to the Sun.
4. Centaurs are considered transitional objects that may evolve into short-period comets.
5. Their orbits are highly influenced by the gravitational forces of nearby giant planets like Jupiter and Neptune.

Review Questions

• What distinguishes centaurs from traditional asteroids or comets?
• Which planets' gravitational influences primarily affect centaurs' orbits?
• Why are centaurs considered transitional objects in the solar system?

Related terms

Asteroid: A small rocky body orbiting the Sun, mostly found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

Comet: A celestial object composed of ice, dust, and rocky material that develops a glowing coma and tail when it approaches the Sun.

Kuiper Belt Object (KBO): An icy body located in the Kuiper Belt beyond Neptune's orbit, often considered a source region for some comets.