1960 Declaration on the Granting of Independence

Definition

The 1960 Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples is a United Nations resolution that emphasizes the right to self-determination for all peoples, advocating for the decolonization of nations still under colonial rule. This declaration marked a pivotal moment in the UN's history as it provided a framework for international support in the fight against colonialism and recognized the significance of sovereignty and self-governance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The 1960 Declaration was adopted during the UN General Assembly's 15th session, reflecting a growing global consensus against colonialism.
2. This declaration specifically encourages member states to promote the independence of colonized nations and to refrain from any actions that would undermine this process.
3. It recognizes that colonialism deprives people of their right to self-determination, leading to calls for immediate measures to assist dependent territories.
4. The declaration has had a lasting impact on international law and relations, influencing numerous independence movements across Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean.
5. It highlights the role of the United Nations in facilitating discussions around human rights and self-governance as essential components of global peace and security.

Review Questions

• How did the 1960 Declaration on the Granting of Independence influence the global movement towards decolonization?
  • The 1960 Declaration significantly influenced the global movement toward decolonization by establishing a clear framework that legitimized the struggle for independence among colonized nations. It encouraged international support and solidarity for these movements while emphasizing self-determination as a fundamental right. As a result, many countries gained independence in subsequent decades, reflecting the declaration's powerful impact on international attitudes toward colonialism.
• Discuss the relationship between the principles outlined in the 1960 Declaration and the UN's Trusteeship System.
  • The principles outlined in the 1960 Declaration are closely tied to the UN's Trusteeship System, as both aim to support territories transitioning towards self-governance. The Trusteeship System was designed to oversee non-self-governing territories while preparing them for independence. The declaration reinforced this objective by urging member states to take active measures in promoting self-determination, aligning with the UN's broader mission to eliminate colonialism.
• Evaluate the long-term implications of the 1960 Declaration on global politics and international relations.
  • The long-term implications of the 1960 Declaration on global politics and international relations have been profound, as it reshaped how nations approach issues of sovereignty and self-determination. It has inspired various independence movements and influenced international law regarding human rights and statehood. The declaration also established a precedent for how former colonies engage with their former colonizers and with each other, fostering a new landscape of diplomatic relations characterized by mutual respect for sovereignty and collaborative approaches to development.

Related terms

Decolonization: The process by which colonies gain independence from colonial powers, resulting in the establishment of sovereign states.

Self-determination: The principle that allows nations or peoples to determine their own political status and pursue their own economic, social, and cultural development.

Trusteeship System: A system established by the UN to oversee territories that were not yet self-governing, ensuring their progression towards independence.