Eleanor Roosevelt

Definition

Eleanor Roosevelt was an influential American political figure, diplomat, and activist who served as the First Lady of the United States from 1933 to 1945. She played a pivotal role in shaping human rights policies and was instrumental in the establishment of the United Nations and the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Eleanor Roosevelt was appointed as the first chairperson of the United Nations Human Rights Commission in 1946, guiding the commission through the process of drafting the UDHR.
2. She advocated for social justice, women's rights, and civil rights throughout her life, making her a prominent figure in advancing human rights issues.
3. Roosevelt was known for her powerful writing and public speaking skills, using these platforms to raise awareness about human rights violations around the world.
4. Her contributions to international human rights were recognized when she was posthumously awarded the Eleanor Roosevelt Award for Human Rights by President Bill Clinton in 1998.
5. Eleanor Roosevelt's legacy continues to inspire human rights activists today, as she is often remembered for her belief that 'where, after all, do universal human rights begin? In small places, close to home.'

Review Questions

• How did Eleanor Roosevelt's role in the United Nations influence the development of international human rights standards?
  • Eleanor Roosevelt's leadership as chairperson of the UN Human Rights Commission was crucial in shaping international human rights standards. She spearheaded the efforts to draft the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which established a comprehensive framework for protecting individual freedoms and dignity across nations. Her vision emphasized that human rights are universal and should be upheld by all countries, thus influencing future treaties and national constitutions worldwide.
• In what ways did Eleanor Roosevelt's advocacy work impact women's rights within the context of human rights?
  • Eleanor Roosevelt's advocacy for women's rights played a significant role in integrating gender equality into human rights discussions. During her time at the United Nations, she pushed for recognition of women's issues as human rights concerns, advocating for equal opportunities and protections. This influence contributed to later international agreements that specifically addressed women's rights and aimed to combat gender discrimination globally.
• Evaluate Eleanor Roosevelt's impact on modern conceptions of human rights and how her actions continue to resonate in today's global human rights movements.
  • Eleanor Roosevelt's impact on modern conceptions of human rights is profound and enduring. By championing the idea that all individuals possess inherent dignity and rights, she laid the groundwork for contemporary human rights movements that advocate for marginalized groups. Her emphasis on grassroots involvement and local advocacy resonates today, as activists around the world strive to uphold her belief that change starts in 'small places.' The principles she promoted continue to guide efforts for social justice, equality, and humanitarian relief.

Related terms

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR): A milestone document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948 that outlines fundamental human rights to be universally protected.

United Nations: An international organization founded in 1945, aimed at promoting peace, security, and cooperation among countries, with a focus on human rights and social progress.

Human Rights Commission: A body established by the United Nations to promote and protect human rights globally, which Eleanor Roosevelt chaired during its formative years.