The First Folio

Definition

The First Folio is a collection of Shakespeare's plays published in 1623, compiled by his friends and fellow actors. This publication is significant because it marked the first time many of Shakespeare's works were printed, preserving them for future generations and contributing to the rise of professional theatre companies in England. The First Folio played a crucial role in solidifying Shakespeare's reputation as a playwright and ensured that his plays were performed widely, which was essential for the flourishing of the professional theatre scene at the time.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The First Folio contains 36 plays, including 18 that had never been printed before, making it a vital source for understanding Shakespeare's complete work.
2. It was published seven years after Shakespeare's death, highlighting the efforts of his colleagues to preserve his legacy and contributions to theatre.
3. The First Folio was divided into three categories: comedies, histories, and tragedies, showcasing the range of genres Shakespeare worked in.
4. This publication significantly impacted the development of English literature and drama, influencing countless playwrights and establishing a standard for future publications.
5. Only about 230 copies of the First Folio are known to survive today, making it one of the most valuable books in existence and a key artifact in theatre history.

Review Questions

• How did the publication of the First Folio impact the preservation and performance of Shakespeare's works?
  • The publication of the First Folio was crucial for preserving many of Shakespeare's plays that would have otherwise been lost. By compiling 36 plays, including 18 that had never been printed before, it ensured that these works could be studied, performed, and appreciated long after Shakespeare's death. This collection provided actors and companies with essential texts that became central to the repertoire of professional theatre companies in England.
• Discuss the significance of the First Folio in relation to the professional theatre companies emerging in England during Shakespeare's time.
  • The First Folio played a pivotal role in the rise of professional theatre companies by providing a reliable source for performance texts. As these companies began to flourish, having access to well-preserved scripts allowed them to stage productions that highlighted Shakespeare’s genius. This not only elevated the quality of performances but also helped establish a growing public interest in theatre as a legitimate form of entertainment and art during this era.
• Evaluate how the First Folio influenced both contemporary playwrights and future generations regarding theatrical practices.
  • The First Folio set a standard for how plays should be compiled and published, influencing contemporary playwrights to consider their own works’ preservation. The established reputation of Shakespeare through this publication also inspired future generations to embrace playwriting as a respected profession. Moreover, the continued performance of these texts solidified conventions around play production that shaped theatrical practices for centuries, ensuring that Shakespeare’s influence would resonate throughout the history of theatre.

Related terms

Quarto: A format of book publishing where a sheet of paper is folded into four leaves, often used for early editions of Shakespeare's plays prior to the First Folio.

The Globe Theatre: A prominent theatre in London where many of Shakespeare's plays were performed, playing a key role in the rise of professional theatre during his time.

Playwright: An individual who writes plays, particularly important in the context of professional theatre as it relates to the popularity and demand for new works.