Restoration of the Monarchy

Definition

The Restoration of the Monarchy refers to the period in England, starting in 1660, when King Charles II was restored to the throne after a period of republican rule known as the Interregnum. This restoration marked a significant cultural shift as theaters reopened and a new era of theatrical innovation emerged, heavily influenced by Charles II's patronage and appreciation for the arts.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660 signaled the end of Puritanical restrictions on entertainment, leading to the reopening of theaters in London.
2. Charles II brought with him a love for French culture, which significantly influenced English theater, introducing elements like elaborate staging and complex characters.
3. Women began to perform on stage for the first time during the Restoration, marking a major shift in societal norms regarding gender roles in performance.
4. Theaters became venues for political satire and commentary, allowing playwrights to critique contemporary society under the guise of entertainment.
5. Notable playwrights like Aphra Behn and John Dryden emerged during this time, significantly shaping the development of English drama.

Review Questions

• How did the Restoration of the Monarchy influence the reopening of theaters in England?
  • The Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660 ended years of Puritanical restrictions imposed during the Interregnum, allowing theaters to reopen and flourish. King Charles II's appreciation for the arts led to an environment where theatrical performances were celebrated rather than suppressed. This resurgence in theater provided a platform for creativity, enabling playwrights to experiment with new styles and themes that reflected contemporary society.
• Discuss how Charles II's influence shaped theatrical practices and culture during the Restoration period.
  • Charles II had a profound impact on theatrical practices during the Restoration period due to his interest in French culture. He encouraged the adoption of elaborate staging techniques and more sophisticated narratives, which transformed English theater. This included the introduction of professional female actors on stage, moving away from previous practices where only male actors performed. The influence of courtly life and French comedy introduced new comedic styles that broadened audience appeal.
• Evaluate the significance of women performers in Restoration theater and their impact on societal perceptions of gender roles.
  • The inclusion of women performers during the Restoration marked a pivotal shift in societal perceptions of gender roles and femininity. By allowing women to take center stage, it challenged traditional notions about women's capabilities and their place in public life. This change not only enriched theatrical performances but also contributed to broader discussions about women's rights and societal expectations. The prominence of female playwrights like Aphra Behn further exemplified this shift, asserting women's voices in both literature and performance.

Related terms

Interregnum: The period between 1649 and 1660 when England was governed as a republic under Oliver Cromwell and later his son Richard Cromwell, following the execution of King Charles I.

Cromwellian Rule: The time during which Oliver Cromwell served as Lord Protector of England, implementing strict Puritanical laws and suppressing theater and other forms of entertainment.

Royal Society: An institution founded in 1660 that promoted scientific advancement and inquiry, reflecting the broader cultural interests that flourished during the Restoration period.