Thing-in-itself

Definition

The term 'thing-in-itself' refers to the concept of an object as it exists independently of perception or interpretation, particularly in philosophical discourse. This notion emphasizes the distinction between the way objects appear to us through our senses and their actual essence or nature, which remains inaccessible. This distinction is crucial in understanding how New Objectivity seeks to present the world in a clear and unembellished manner, capturing reality without subjective influence.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The concept of the thing-in-itself originates from Immanuel Kant's philosophy, which argues that while we can perceive objects, we cannot fully grasp their true nature.
2. In the context of New Objectivity, artists and photographers aimed to eliminate personal bias, presenting subjects in a straightforward and realistic manner.
3. The thing-in-itself highlights the limitations of perception, suggesting that our understanding of reality is always mediated by our senses and experiences.
4. Photographers associated with New Objectivity often employed sharp focus and high contrast to depict subjects with clarity, aligning with the idea of capturing reality as it is.
5. This term is essential for discussions about realism in art and photography, questioning the reliability of visual representation and how it shapes our understanding of the world.

Review Questions

• How does the concept of thing-in-itself relate to the objectives of New Objectivity in photography?
  • The concept of thing-in-itself connects deeply with New Objectivity's goals by promoting a representation of subjects that strips away personal bias and artistic embellishment. Photographers sought to portray reality as it truly is, rather than how it might be interpreted subjectively. This pursuit aligns with Kant's idea that while we can perceive objects, their true essence remains beyond our complete understanding.
• In what ways did New Objectivity challenge previous artistic movements by utilizing the idea of thing-in-itself?
  • New Objectivity challenged previous artistic movements, such as Expressionism, by focusing on factual representation rather than emotional interpretation. The idea of thing-in-itself underpins this shift, as it advocates for presenting objects as they exist outside individual perception. This approach resulted in a more analytical style that emphasized clarity and objectivity, contrasting sharply with the subjective experiences often depicted in earlier art forms.
• Critically evaluate how the limitations presented by the thing-in-itself impact our understanding of photography as a medium.
  • The limitations presented by the thing-in-itself force us to critically evaluate photography's role as a medium for representing reality. While photographers may strive for objective depiction, the understanding that our perception is inherently subjective complicates this goal. As such, even within New Objectivity, the essence of subjects can be obscured by our interpretative frameworks. This realization prompts deeper questions about authenticity in visual media and challenges us to consider how much of what we see is influenced by individual perception versus actual truth.

Related terms

Phenomenology: A philosophical approach that focuses on the structures of experience and consciousness, emphasizing how individuals perceive and interpret phenomena.

Objectivity: The practice of presenting information or artwork without personal bias or subjective interpretation, aiming for a neutral representation of reality.

Kantian Philosophy: The philosophical system developed by Immanuel Kant, which includes ideas about how we can only know things as they appear to us, not as they are in themselves.