Rebec

Definition

The rebec is a bowed string instrument that was popular during the medieval period, characterized by its rounded body and three strings. It played a significant role in both ecclesiastical and secular music, often used in performances for dances, celebrations, and religious ceremonies, thus bridging different musical contexts of the time.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The rebec is believed to have originated from the Middle East and traveled to Europe via trade routes, gaining popularity among musicians throughout the continent.
2. This instrument typically features a wooden body with a narrow waist, which contributes to its distinctive sound, suitable for both solo and ensemble performances.
3. Rebecs were often played in courts and festivals, making them an essential part of dance music and celebratory events during the medieval period.
4. It is generally tuned in perfect fifths, which allows for harmonious playing alongside other instruments like the lute or recorder.
5. The rebec's design evolved over time, influencing later bowed instruments like the violin family, showcasing its lasting impact on string instrument development.

Review Questions

• How did the rebec function in both ecclesiastical and secular contexts of medieval music?
  • The rebec served a versatile role in medieval music by bridging ecclesiastical and secular contexts. In religious settings, it accompanied chant or was used during liturgical ceremonies, providing a melodic line that complemented vocal music. In secular environments, the rebec became central to dance music and celebrations, illustrating its adaptability and importance across various social settings.
• Analyze how the physical characteristics of the rebec contribute to its sound quality compared to other string instruments of its time.
  • The rebec's rounded body and narrow waist shape its unique tonal qualities, resulting in a bright and penetrating sound. Unlike the viola da gamba or lute, which have different body shapes and sizes affecting their resonance, the rebec’s design allows for clearer articulation of melodies. Its three-string configuration further emphasizes its ability to produce distinctive pitches that stand out in both solo performances and ensemble settings.
• Evaluate the cultural significance of the rebec in medieval society and how it reflected the musical trends of its era.
  • The cultural significance of the rebec in medieval society lies in its representation of a dynamic musical landscape that embraced both religious and secular influences. As a favored instrument in courts and among common folk alike, it reflects trends towards more varied musical expression outside strictly liturgical contexts. This shift highlights a growing appreciation for instrumental music, social gatherings, and festivities during the period, showcasing how music was integral to community life and cultural identity.

Related terms

Viola da gamba: A string instrument from the Renaissance and Baroque periods, similar to the rebec but larger and held between the legs, known for its rich, resonant sound.

Lute: A plucked string instrument with a pear-shaped body and fretted neck that gained immense popularity in both secular and sacred music throughout the medieval and Renaissance periods.

Chant: A style of music primarily associated with church services during the medieval period, featuring monophonic melodies sung in Latin, often accompanied by instruments like the rebec.