Sarabande

Definition

The sarabande is a slow, stately dance in triple meter, originating from the Spanish sarabande. It became a significant movement in the baroque suite, particularly popular in France and often used as the third dance after the allemande and courante. Characterized by its emphasis on the second beat, the sarabande reflects the grandeur and elegance of the baroque period, showcasing expressive melodic lines and rich harmonic textures.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The sarabande gained popularity in France during the late 17th century and was often used as a part of dance suites composed for the harpsichord.
2. It features a unique rhythmic pattern where the second beat is emphasized, creating a distinctive feeling of forward momentum.
3. In addition to its use in dance suites, the sarabande was also incorporated into larger works, such as orchestral suites and operas.
4. Famous composers like Johann Sebastian Bach included the sarabande in his works, notably in his 'French Suites' and 'Partitas' for keyboard.
5. The emotional depth of the sarabande allowed it to evolve beyond its original dance form, becoming a vehicle for more expressive musical ideas.

Review Questions

• How does the structure of a sarabande contribute to its character within a baroque suite?
  • The structure of a sarabande contributes significantly to its character within a baroque suite due to its slow tempo and emphasis on the second beat. This rhythmic emphasis creates a feeling of grandeur and weightiness that distinguishes it from faster dances like the allemande and courante. As part of a suite, the sarabande provides contrast to other movements, allowing for expressive melodies and rich harmonies that highlight the emotional depth characteristic of baroque music.
• In what ways did composers like Bach utilize the sarabande in their compositions to enhance their musical narratives?
  • Composers like Bach utilized the sarabande in their compositions to enhance musical narratives by incorporating its expressive qualities into larger works. In pieces such as his 'French Suites' and 'Partitas', Bach employed the sarabande not only as a dance but also as an opportunity for lyrical expression and emotional depth. By doing so, he was able to convey complex feelings through melodic lines while adhering to traditional baroque forms, thereby enriching the overall narrative arc of his music.
• Evaluate the significance of the sarabande in baroque music and its impact on later musical forms and styles.
  • The significance of the sarabande in baroque music lies in its ability to blend dance and expressiveness, influencing later musical forms and styles. As composers began to explore more emotive aspects in their works, the sarabande's slow, stately nature allowed for greater exploration of melody and harmony. Its legacy can be seen in later genres such as Romantic piano music, where similar rhythmic patterns and emotional depth were utilized. Additionally, its adaptation into orchestral works further demonstrates how this dance form transcended its original context, impacting composers across generations.

Related terms

suite: A suite is a collection of dances, typically for keyboard or orchestra, often in a series of contrasting styles and tempos.

toccata: A toccata is a virtuosic piece of music for keyboard instruments, designed to showcase the performer's technical skill and expressiveness.

dance suite: A dance suite is a musical form consisting of a sequence of dances, each with its own distinct character, often used in baroque music.