Time-frequency localization refers to the ability to represent a signal in both time and frequency domains simultaneously, allowing us to analyze how the frequency content of the signal changes over time. This concept is crucial for understanding signals that are not stationary, as it helps identify transient features and variations within a signal. Time-frequency localization provides a framework for tools like wavelets and the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), which reveal how frequencies emerge and evolve within different time intervals.
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