Pygmalion

Definition

Pygmalion is a character from Greek mythology, known for being a sculptor who fell in love with a statue he created, named Galatea. This myth has inspired many adaptations and reinterpretations in European drama, exploring themes of transformation, love, and the relationship between creator and creation. The tale raises questions about art, reality, and the nature of desire, making it a fertile ground for dramatic exploration in various literary forms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Pygmalion myth originated in Ovid's 'Metamorphoses,' where the story highlights the power of love and artistry.
2. Pygmalion's desire for Galatea leads to a deeper examination of the boundaries between reality and illusion, as he longs for his creation to be real.
3. The story has been adapted in various forms, including George Bernard Shaw's play 'Pygmalion,' which explores social class and identity.
4. Shaw's adaptation also inspired the famous musical 'My Fair Lady,' which further develops themes of transformation and societal expectations.
5. The Pygmalion theme continues to resonate in modern storytelling, influencing narratives that deal with personal growth, relationships, and the impact of art.

Review Questions

• How does the myth of Pygmalion challenge the distinctions between creator and creation?
  • The myth of Pygmalion illustrates the complex relationship between creator and creation by showcasing how Pygmalion's love for Galatea blurs these boundaries. Pygmalion's desire for his statue leads him to seek a life-like transformation, raising questions about authenticity in love and art. This dynamic highlights the emotional investment creators have in their work and how this can lead to profound implications for both parties involved.
• In what ways did George Bernard Shaw reinterpret the Pygmalion myth in his play, and what themes did he emphasize?
  • George Bernard Shaw reinterpreted the Pygmalion myth by shifting the focus from pure romantic love to social class and identity transformation. In his play, Eliza Doolittle becomes the subject of a social experiment rather than a mere object of affection. Shaw emphasizes themes such as class struggle, personal growth, and the nature of identity, exploring how external changes can influence one's self-perception and societal acceptance.
• Critically assess how the enduring relevance of the Pygmalion myth reflects societal values and issues in contemporary drama.
  • The enduring relevance of the Pygmalion myth in contemporary drama reflects ongoing societal values related to identity, transformation, and personal agency. Modern adaptations often focus on themes like gender roles, social mobility, and authenticity, paralleling current discussions around these topics. By adapting this myth to address contemporary issues, playwrights create works that resonate with audiences today, demonstrating how ancient stories can be reshaped to reflect modern realities.

Related terms

Galatea: The beautiful statue sculpted by Pygmalion, who is brought to life by the goddess Aphrodite in response to his love for her.

Transformation: A central theme in the Pygmalion myth, referring to the change that occurs both physically (the statue coming to life) and emotionally (the nature of love and desire).

Mythological Adaptation: The process of taking stories from mythology and reinterpreting them in new contexts, often reflecting contemporary societal values and issues.