True knowledge

Definition

True knowledge refers to a deep understanding that goes beyond mere opinion or belief, often associated with the certainty of knowing the essence of reality. This concept emphasizes that true knowledge is not simply about accumulating information but involves grasping the unchanging truths and Forms that exist beyond the physical world. It highlights the process of recollection and recognition of these eternal truths as foundational to achieving wisdom.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. True knowledge is achieved through the process of recollection, where individuals recall what their soul already knows about the Forms.
2. In Plato's view, sensory experience can lead to opinion, but true knowledge is only attainable through intellectual insight and philosophical reasoning.
3. Plato differentiates between different levels of understanding, placing true knowledge at the highest level, which is linked to the understanding of the Forms.
4. The journey to true knowledge involves moving from shadows and reflections in the physical world to grasping the reality of the Forms in the realm of ideas.
5. For Plato, true knowledge is not static; it requires continuous questioning and a commitment to seeking deeper understanding.

Review Questions

• How does Plato's concept of true knowledge relate to his theory of recollection?
  • Plato's concept of true knowledge is closely tied to his theory of recollection, which suggests that the soul possesses innate knowledge of the Forms before birth. True knowledge involves recalling this innate understanding through philosophical inquiry and reflection. Thus, achieving true knowledge requires individuals to engage in a process that helps them remember what they already know at a deeper level.
• In what ways does true knowledge differ from mere opinion according to Plato's philosophy?
  • According to Plato, true knowledge is fundamentally different from mere opinion because true knowledge is based on understanding the eternal Forms, which are unchanging and absolute. In contrast, opinions are derived from sensory experiences, which can be deceptive and subjective. While opinions can vary from person to person and are contingent on external circumstances, true knowledge remains constant and represents an objective reality that can be comprehended through rational thought.
• Evaluate how the divided line illustrates Plato's distinction between different levels of cognition and its implications for attaining true knowledge.
  • The divided line serves as a visual representation of Plato's distinction between varying degrees of cognition, with true knowledge positioned at the highest level. The line divides reality into two realms: the visible world (shadows and reflections) and the intelligible world (the Forms). As one ascends along the line from imagination to belief and then to thought and finally to understanding, they move closer to grasping true knowledge. This framework underscores that attaining true knowledge requires rigorous intellectual effort and philosophical engagement rather than passive observation.

Related terms

Forms: Eternal and unchangeable ideals or concepts that represent the true essence of all things, according to Plato.

Epistemology: The branch of philosophy concerned with the nature, sources, and limits of knowledge.

Dialectic: A method of conversation and reasoning aimed at uncovering truths through dialogue and critical questioning.