Cultural Resource Management

Definition

Cultural Resource Management (CRM) refers to the practice of managing and preserving cultural resources, such as archaeological sites, historical buildings, and artifacts, in order to protect them from destruction or neglect. This field combines archaeology, history, and public policy to ensure that cultural heritage is maintained for future generations while balancing development needs and regulatory compliance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cultural Resource Management emerged as a formal field in the United States during the 1960s in response to increasing development projects threatening archaeological sites.
2. CRM practices often involve conducting surveys and assessments to identify significant cultural resources before construction or land alteration begins.
3. The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 established the framework for federal protection of cultural resources in the U.S., influencing CRM practices.
4. CRM professionals work with various stakeholders, including government agencies, private developers, and local communities, to negotiate the preservation of cultural resources.
5. Effective CRM not only focuses on preservation but also promotes public awareness and education about cultural heritage, helping communities connect with their history.

Review Questions

• How does Cultural Resource Management balance the needs of development with the preservation of cultural heritage?
  • Cultural Resource Management seeks to strike a balance between development needs and the preservation of cultural heritage by conducting thorough assessments of archaeological sites and historical resources prior to any construction. This process allows CRM professionals to identify significant cultural assets that may be affected by development. By working with developers and regulatory agencies, CRM aims to mitigate impacts through documentation, preservation plans, or sometimes redesigning projects to avoid damaging important sites.
• What role does the National Historic Preservation Act play in Cultural Resource Management practices?
  • The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 is a foundational piece of legislation that guides Cultural Resource Management practices in the United States. It established a national policy for preserving historical sites and created the National Register of Historic Places, which identifies significant cultural resources worthy of protection. CRM practitioners use this act to ensure that federal projects consider potential impacts on historic properties, fostering an environment where cultural resources are preserved amid ongoing development pressures.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of Cultural Resource Management in promoting public awareness and education about cultural heritage.
  • Cultural Resource Management has proven effective in promoting public awareness and education about cultural heritage by engaging communities in preservation efforts and fostering a sense of identity. Through outreach programs, educational initiatives, and collaborative projects with local organizations, CRM helps people understand the significance of their cultural resources. This increased awareness not only enhances community pride but also encourages active participation in preservation efforts, ultimately leading to a more informed public that values its historical legacy.

Related terms

Archaeological Site: A location where evidence of past human activity is preserved, often excavated to study history and culture.

Heritage Preservation: The act of safeguarding and maintaining historical sites, artifacts, and traditions to promote cultural identity and education.

Regulatory Compliance: The process of adhering to laws and guidelines that govern the management of cultural resources, ensuring that development projects consider their impact on these resources.