Ashlar masonry

Definition

Ashlar masonry is a technique of stone construction that involves the use of finely dressed or carved stones that are cut to specific sizes and shapes, allowing them to fit together tightly without the use of mortar. This method creates a strong and stable structure with a smooth, visually appealing surface. Ashlar masonry is significant in ancient architecture, particularly for its use in monumental buildings, as it showcases advanced engineering and craftsmanship.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ashlar masonry was prominently used by the Incas in constructing their impressive architectural feats like temples and fortresses, showcasing their engineering skills.
2. The precise cutting and fitting of ashlar stones allowed for the creation of structures that could withstand earthquakes, which was crucial in the seismic-prone regions where the Incas built.
3. In addition to its structural benefits, ashlar masonry provided a visually striking finish to buildings, contributing to the grandeur of Inca sites like Machu Picchu.
4. The use of ashlar masonry reflects the Inca's understanding of geometry and their ability to manipulate stone without modern tools, using only basic techniques to achieve precision.
5. Ashlar blocks were often transported from quarries located miles away, demonstrating the logistical capabilities and organization of Inca society.

Review Questions

• How does ashlar masonry reflect the engineering capabilities of the Inca civilization?
  • Ashlar masonry exemplifies the advanced engineering capabilities of the Inca civilization through its precise stone-cutting techniques that allowed for tight fitting without mortar. This method not only provided structural integrity but also showcased their architectural skill in creating durable buildings. The ability to construct such sturdy structures in an earthquake-prone region highlights their understanding of materials and engineering principles.
• What role did ashlar masonry play in the construction of monumental buildings in Inca architecture?
  • Ashlar masonry played a critical role in the construction of monumental buildings within Inca architecture by providing both strength and aesthetic appeal. The smooth surfaces created by precisely cut stones enhanced the visual impact of temples and palaces while ensuring their resilience against natural disasters. This technique was integral to the longevity and stability of iconic sites such as Sacsayhuamán and Machu Picchu.
• Evaluate how ashlar masonry has influenced modern architectural practices by examining its application in contemporary building techniques.
  • Ashlar masonry has influenced modern architectural practices by emphasizing precision in stone cutting and assembly, which can be seen in contemporary stone facades and buildings that prioritize durability alongside aesthetics. The principles behind this technique inform current methods where engineers seek to replicate its benefits, such as earthquake resistance and visual appeal. By studying ancient methods like ashlar masonry, modern architects can innovate new ways to combine traditional craftsmanship with advanced technology to create resilient structures.

Related terms

Cyclopean masonry: A type of ancient masonry characterized by the use of large, irregularly shaped stones that fit together without mortar, often associated with prehistoric structures.

Mortar: A mixture of water, sand, and cement used to bind stones or bricks together in construction.

Quoins: Cornerstones used in masonry construction that are often larger and more finely finished than the surrounding stones, enhancing the stability and aesthetics of the structure.