Urticaria

Definition

Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin reaction characterized by raised, itchy welts or bumps that can appear anywhere on the body. This condition is often triggered by an allergic reaction, releasing histamines and other chemicals that lead to inflammation and swelling. Urticaria can occur acutely or chronically, depending on the underlying cause and duration of symptoms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Urticaria can be classified into acute (lasting less than six weeks) and chronic (lasting longer than six weeks), with different potential triggers for each type.
2. Common triggers of urticaria include food allergies, medications, insect stings, and physical factors like pressure or temperature changes.
3. Symptoms of urticaria include itchy, red welts that can vary in size and may change shape or move around the body.
4. In severe cases, urticaria can be accompanied by angioedema, which involves swelling beneath the skin and may require immediate medical attention.
5. Management of urticaria often involves antihistamines to relieve itching and reduce swelling, while identifying and avoiding triggers is crucial for prevention.

Review Questions

• What are the primary causes of urticaria, and how do they relate to the body's immune response?
  • Urticaria is primarily caused by allergens that trigger the body's immune response. When an allergen is encountered, it leads to the release of histamines and other chemicals from mast cells in the skin. This release causes inflammation and the characteristic itchy welts associated with hives. Understanding these causes helps in identifying triggers to prevent future outbreaks.
• Discuss the differences between acute and chronic urticaria regarding their symptoms and management strategies.
  • Acute urticaria lasts less than six weeks and typically resolves once the triggering allergen is removed. It often responds well to antihistamines. Chronic urticaria persists for more than six weeks and may require a more comprehensive management approach, including ongoing medication and identifying persistent triggers. The distinction between acute and chronic forms is crucial for effective treatment.
• Evaluate the implications of untreated urticaria on a patient's quality of life and potential health risks.
  • Untreated urticaria can significantly impact a patient's quality of life due to persistent itching, discomfort, and anxiety about outbreaks. In severe cases, it may lead to angioedema, which poses a risk of airway obstruction and other complications. Recognizing the need for treatment is vital not only for symptom relief but also for preventing serious health risks associated with this condition.

Related terms

Allergen: A substance that causes an allergic reaction, which can trigger urticaria in susceptible individuals.

Histamine: A chemical released by the immune system during an allergic reaction, responsible for many symptoms of allergies, including the welts seen in urticaria.

Angioedema: A condition often associated with urticaria, characterized by deeper swelling of the skin and tissues, particularly around the eyes and lips.