Overhead refers to the additional resources, time, or processing power required to manage a task beyond the actual work needed to complete that task. This concept is crucial in understanding how performance can be affected by inefficiencies in computation and communication, especially when scaling systems. In high-performance computing, overhead can significantly impact the speedup or efficiency of parallel processing, as it directly relates to Amdahl's and Gustafson's laws, as well as mechanisms like checkpointing and restarting processes during long computations.
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