Corbelled Arch

Definition

A corbelled arch is a structural element that consists of stacked stones or bricks, where each layer projects slightly beyond the one below it, creating an arch-like shape without a true curve. This technique was commonly used in ancient architecture, particularly in Etruscan construction, where it played a vital role in the design of gateways and tombs, allowing for strong, stable structures even with limited materials.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Corbelled arches were widely used by the Etruscans to create impressive gateways and tombs, showcasing their architectural innovation.
2. Unlike true arches, corbelled arches do not rely on a curved design, which makes them easier to construct with primitive tools and materials.
3. This technique allows for wider openings without needing a keystone or complex structural support, making it ideal for certain building types.
4. The use of corbelled arches can be seen in structures like the Etruscan city walls and the famous tombs found in Tarquinia.
5. The stability provided by corbelled arches influenced later architectural styles and techniques in Roman and Medieval construction.

Review Questions

• How does the corbelled arch differ from a traditional arch in terms of construction and stability?
  • The corbelled arch differs from a traditional arch primarily in its construction method and shape. While a traditional arch relies on a curved structure with voussoirs that evenly distribute weight, a corbelled arch is made by stacking stones or bricks that project outward with each layer. This difference allows for simpler construction methods, but traditional arches typically provide greater stability due to their curved form and the way they channel weight down into the supporting structures.
• Discuss the significance of corbelled arches in Etruscan architecture and how they reflect the culture's engineering capabilities.
  • Corbelled arches are significant in Etruscan architecture as they demonstrate the civilization's innovative engineering skills despite their limited resources. By using this method, Etruscans could construct monumental structures such as gateways and tombs that not only served functional purposes but also showcased their artistic and cultural values. The widespread use of corbelled arches highlights their ability to adapt building techniques to their environment and needs while influencing future architectural practices in the region.
• Evaluate how the use of corbelled arches in Etruscan architecture influenced later architectural developments in Rome and beyond.
  • The use of corbelled arches in Etruscan architecture had a lasting impact on Roman architectural developments and beyond. While Romans advanced the concept of the arch by utilizing true arches with voussoirs, they drew inspiration from earlier techniques such as the corbelled arch. This influence is seen in various Roman structures where they incorporated elements that provided both aesthetic appeal and structural integrity. Furthermore, the principles established through corbelled construction laid groundwork for later architectural innovations during the Medieval period and influenced Gothic architecture's complex ribbed vaults.

Related terms

Architrave: The lowest part of an entablature that rests directly on top of the columns, often serving as a structural support for the above elements.

Voussoir: A wedge-shaped stone used to construct an arch, typically placed at the top of the arch in a keystone position to help distribute weight.

Post and Lintel: An architectural system where horizontal beams (lintels) are supported by vertical posts, creating simple openings and spaces.