Myth of Romulus

Definition

The myth of Romulus refers to the legendary narrative surrounding Romulus, the founding figure of Rome, who, along with his twin brother Remus, is said to have established the city in 753 BCE. This myth encapsulates themes of fraternal conflict, divine intervention, and the origins of Roman identity, serving as a foundational story that illustrates Rome's values and imperial aspirations.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The myth describes how Romulus and Remus were raised by a she-wolf after being abandoned as infants, symbolizing the strength and resilience of Rome.
2. Romulus is said to have founded Rome on Palatine Hill after killing Remus in a dispute over its location, which highlights themes of rivalry and sacrifice.
3. The story includes the abduction of the Sabine women, illustrating the necessity of population growth for Rome's survival and expansion.
4. Romulus is often depicted as a symbol of Roman virtue and military prowess, embodying qualities that were celebrated throughout Roman history.
5. The myth was crucial for promoting Roman ideals of bravery, loyalty, and destiny, tying the city's origins to divine favor and greatness.

Review Questions

• How does the myth of Romulus illustrate the themes of conflict and unity within Roman identity?
  • The myth of Romulus showcases both conflict and unity through the relationship between Romulus and Remus. Their fraternal rivalry culminates in Remus's death, which not only reflects internal strife but also signifies the importance of strong leadership in establishing a unified city. This duality emphasizes how conflict can lead to the formation of a cohesive identity, as Romulus becomes a symbol of what it means to be Roman—a blend of strength and sacrifice.
• Analyze the significance of the Sabine women in the myth of Romulus and how this reflects Roman values related to family and community.
  • The abduction of the Sabine women is significant as it highlights Roman values surrounding family and community building. By forcibly securing wives for his men, Romulus not only ensured Rome's demographic growth but also created an alliance with the Sabines through marriage. This act underscores the importance Romans placed on family ties as foundational to societal structure, while also illustrating their willingness to take drastic actions for communal stability and future prosperity.
• Evaluate how the myth of Romulus contributes to understanding Rome’s imperial ideology and its justification for expansion.
  • The myth of Romulus serves as a powerful narrative that supports Rome's imperial ideology by framing its origins in themes of divine favor and destiny. By depicting Romulus as a heroic figure who overcame conflict to establish a great city, it legitimizes Rome's ambitions for expansion and dominance. The story reinforces notions that Rome is destined for greatness, encouraging citizens to view their conquests as not only justified but also divinely ordained, thereby creating a sense of pride and purpose within Roman culture.

Related terms

Remus: Romulus's twin brother who, according to the myth, was killed by Romulus during a dispute over the founding of Rome.

Sabine Women: Women abducted by Romulus and his men from the neighboring Sabine tribe to ensure the growth of Rome's population and secure alliances.

Imperial Ideology: The set of beliefs and values that underpin the authority and legitimacy of an empire, particularly how it justifies its expansion and governance.