Founding of rome

Definition

The founding of Rome refers to the legendary event that marks the establishment of the city of Rome in 753 BCE, traditionally attributed to the twin brothers Romulus and Remus. This event is steeped in myth and symbolizes the birth of a civilization that would become one of the greatest empires in history, embodying key themes of heroism and cultural values such as duty, sacrifice, and the idea of a destined greatness.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The founding of Rome is often dated to April 21, 753 BCE, based on both historical and archaeological sources.
2. The story of Romulus and Remus highlights themes of conflict and resolution, showcasing how rivalry can lead to the establishment of new order and civilization.
3. Roman culture emphasized values such as pietas (duty), virtus (courage), and fides (trustworthiness), which are reflected in the narratives surrounding Rome's founding.
4. The founding myth serves not only as a historical account but also as a means to foster Roman identity and pride in their heritage.
5. The symbolism behind Romulus's founding act illustrates the Roman belief in their divine destiny and superiority over other cultures.

Review Questions

• How does the story of Romulus and Remus reflect the cultural values and ideals of ancient Rome?
  • The story of Romulus and Remus encapsulates key cultural values such as duty, sacrifice, and strength. Their narrative emphasizes how personal conflict can lead to significant achievements, mirroring the Roman ideals that individuals must sometimes make sacrifices for the greater good. Moreover, Romulus's actions in establishing Rome represent a blend of heroic ambition and divine favor, highlighting the Roman belief in their destined greatness.
• In what ways does Aeneas's journey in Virgil's 'Aeneid' contribute to understanding the significance of Rome's founding in relation to heroism?
  • Aeneas's journey illustrates not only the hero's struggles but also his commitment to fate and duty, paralleling Romulus's path in founding Rome. Aeneas represents a different aspect of heroism—one that emphasizes loyalty and perseverance against adversity. His lineage ties back to Romulus, thus connecting Rome’s origins with themes of enduring legacy and responsibility, reinforcing the idea that true heroism involves both personal sacrifice and a commitment to one's people.
• Evaluate how the founding myths of Rome serve to influence Roman identity and nationalism throughout its history.
  • The founding myths, particularly those surrounding Romulus and Remus, played a crucial role in shaping Roman identity by embedding key cultural values into the national narrative. This sense of origin fostered pride among Romans and encouraged a collective identity centered on ideas of divine favor and superiority. As Rome expanded, these myths served as tools for nationalism, legitimizing conquests by framing them as extensions of a divine mission. Ultimately, this sense of identity rooted in myth contributed significantly to Rome’s cohesion as an empire despite its vast diversity.

Related terms

Romulus: The legendary founder of Rome who, according to myth, became its first king after killing his brother Remus in a dispute over the city's location.

Aeneas: A Trojan hero from Virgil's 'Aeneid' who is said to have traveled to Italy, laying the groundwork for the future establishment of Rome.

Augury: An ancient Roman practice of interpreting omens from the behavior of birds, which played a significant role in making important decisions, including those related to the founding of cities.