The counting principle is a fundamental rule in combinatorics that helps determine the total number of ways to arrange or select objects. It is based on the idea that if one event can occur in 'm' ways and a second independent event can occur in 'n' ways, then the two events can occur in 'm * n' ways. This principle connects directly to various concepts, such as how we calculate permutations and combinations, as well as the complementary counting method.
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