Burgoon's Expectancy Violations Theory

Definition

Burgoon's Expectancy Violations Theory posits that individuals have expectations regarding how others should behave in social interactions, particularly concerning nonverbal communication. When these expectations are violated, it can lead to positive or negative outcomes depending on the nature of the violation and the relationship between the individuals involved. This theory highlights the importance of context and individual perceptions in interpreting nonverbal cues.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Expectancy Violations Theory emphasizes that people's expectations about nonverbal behavior are influenced by cultural norms, personal experiences, and situational contexts.
2. Violations can be interpreted as either positive or negative based on factors such as the violator's status, attractiveness, and the existing relationship dynamics.
3. Individuals may respond to expectancy violations in different ways, which can influence their perceptions of the violator and the overall interaction.
4. The theory underscores that not all violations are viewed negatively; sometimes, breaking social norms can enhance intimacy or connection.
5. Understanding this theory is crucial for effective communication, as it helps individuals navigate social interactions by recognizing when to conform to or deviate from expected behaviors.

Review Questions

• How do cultural norms influence individuals' expectations in Burgoon's Expectancy Violations Theory?
  • Cultural norms play a significant role in shaping what individuals expect from one another during social interactions. These norms dictate appropriate levels of personal space, eye contact, and physical touch, which vary across different cultures. When someone violates these cultural expectations, it can lead to varied interpretations of the behavior, impacting interpersonal relationships and communication outcomes.
• Discuss how an individual's response to a violation can affect their perception of the violator in Expectancy Violations Theory.
  • An individual's response to a violation is crucial in shaping their perception of the violator. If a violation is seen as positive or enhancing intimacy, it may lead to increased affection or closeness. Conversely, if the violation is perceived negatively, it could result in discomfort or a breakdown in trust. These responses are influenced by factors such as existing relationships and individual personalities.
• Evaluate the implications of Expectancy Violations Theory for educators when managing classroom dynamics.
  • For educators, understanding Expectancy Violations Theory is essential in managing classroom dynamics effectively. By being aware of students' expectations regarding behavior and communication, teachers can create an environment that fosters respect and understanding. When violations occur—whether intentional or accidental—teachers can address them constructively, using them as teachable moments to encourage open dialogue about boundaries and personal space, ultimately enhancing classroom interactions.

Related terms

Proxemics: The study of personal space and how distance affects communication and relationships between individuals.

Nonverbal Communication: The transmission of messages or information without the use of words, including facial expressions, gestures, posture, and eye contact.

Social Penetration Theory:

A theory that explains how relational closeness develops through self-disclosure and the gradual sharing of personal information.