Psoriasis

Definition

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition characterized by the rapid growth of skin cells, leading to thick, red, scaly patches on the skin's surface. This condition results from an overactive immune response that speeds up skin cell turnover, disrupting the normal structure and function of the skin. Psoriasis can significantly impact a person's quality of life and is often associated with other health conditions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Psoriasis affects about 2-3% of the global population and can occur at any age but often appears in early adulthood.
2. The most common type of psoriasis is plaque psoriasis, which presents as dry, red patches covered with silvery scales.
3. Psoriasis is often triggered or exacerbated by factors such as stress, infections, injuries to the skin, and certain medications.
4. While there is no cure for psoriasis, various treatments are available including topical therapies, phototherapy, and systemic medications to manage symptoms.
5. Psoriasis is associated with an increased risk of comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome.

Review Questions

• How does psoriasis affect the structure and function of the skin?
  • Psoriasis disrupts the normal structure and function of the skin by accelerating the turnover rate of keratinocytes, leading to an excessive buildup of skin cells on the surface. This causes the characteristic thick, red plaques covered with silvery scales. The rapid cell growth also impairs the skin's barrier function, making it more susceptible to infections and inflammation.
• Discuss the implications of psoriasis as a chronic autoimmune disease for wound healing and skin disorders.
  • As a chronic autoimmune disease, psoriasis complicates wound healing due to its underlying inflammatory processes. The constant turnover of skin cells can lead to an impaired healing response when injuries occur. Moreover, individuals with psoriasis may be more prone to secondary infections due to compromised skin integrity. Understanding these implications is essential for effective management and treatment strategies.
• Evaluate the impact of lifestyle factors on psoriasis severity and management strategies in affected individuals.
  • Lifestyle factors such as diet, stress management, and smoking cessation can significantly influence both the severity of psoriasis and its treatment outcomes. For instance, adopting an anti-inflammatory diet may help reduce flare-ups, while managing stress through mindfulness or therapy can mitigate symptoms. Evaluating these factors allows healthcare providers to create personalized management plans that address not just the physical symptoms but also the emotional well-being of individuals with psoriasis.

Related terms

Keratinocyte: A type of skin cell that makes up most of the epidermis and plays a key role in the formation of the skin barrier.

Autoimmune Disease: A condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.

Plaque: A raised, inflamed area on the skin covered with silvery scales, commonly seen in psoriasis.