Cavalry

Definition

Cavalry refers to troops that are trained to fight on horseback, providing speed and mobility in military operations. This unit played a crucial role in various military campaigns, particularly during the conquest of new territories, enabling rapid movement and surprise attacks against enemy forces.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The cavalry was essential in the siege and destruction of Tenochtitlan, where Spanish forces utilized their horses for mobility and shock tactics against Aztec warriors.
2. During military campaigns, cavalry units were often used to pursue fleeing enemies, conduct reconnaissance missions, and engage in skirmishes before the main battle.
3. Cavalry units provided a psychological edge in warfare, as the sight of mounted soldiers could intimidate enemy forces who were predominantly infantry.
4. In the context of New Spain, cavalry was instrumental in establishing control over conquered territories, as they could quickly travel vast distances to suppress uprisings or defend against attacks.
5. The Spanish cavalry's training and use of horses were superior to the Aztec warriors' tactics, significantly contributing to their military success during the conquest.

Review Questions

• How did the use of cavalry impact the tactics employed by Spanish forces during the conquest?
  • The use of cavalry significantly enhanced the tactics of Spanish forces during the conquest by allowing for greater mobility and speed on the battlefield. Cavalry units could rapidly maneuver around enemy formations, execute flanking maneuvers, and retreat when necessary, making them a versatile asset. Their presence also provided psychological advantages, as their speed and mounted attacks could disrupt enemy lines and create confusion among less mobile infantry units.
• In what ways did cavalry contribute to both the siege of Tenochtitlan and broader military strategies employed by the Spanish conquistadors?
  • Cavalry played a critical role in both the siege of Tenochtitlan and broader military strategies by offering quick response capabilities and enabling surprise attacks. During the siege, mounted soldiers provided essential mobility that allowed Spanish forces to break through defensive positions. Additionally, throughout various military campaigns, cavalry units executed reconnaissance missions to gather intelligence on enemy movements and reinforced main infantry forces during engagements, showcasing their multifaceted contributions.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of cavalry compared to infantry in the context of New Spain's military operations, considering both advantages and challenges.
  • Cavalry proved highly effective compared to infantry in New Spain's military operations due to their speed, maneuverability, and ability to conduct rapid attacks. However, they faced challenges such as difficult terrain and limitations in urban settings where traditional cavalry tactics were less effective. Despite these challenges, their overall contribution enabled Spanish forces to maintain a strategic advantage over Aztec armies that primarily relied on infantry tactics. The effectiveness of cavalry in diverse scenarios demonstrated its crucial role in shaping military success during this period.

Related terms

Infantry: Soldiers who fight on foot, often forming the backbone of an army and engaging in direct combat with the enemy.

Siege Warfare: A military tactic that involves surrounding and isolating a fortified position to compel surrender, often involving prolonged efforts.

Flanking Maneuver: A tactical move where troops attack the enemy from the side or rear, using speed and positioning to gain a strategic advantage.