The Treaty of New Echota was a controversial agreement signed in 1835 between the United States government and a small faction of the Cherokee Nation, which ceded all Cherokee lands east of the Mississippi River in exchange for compensation and land in Indian Territory. This treaty is significant as it set the stage for the forced removal of the Cherokee people, known as the Trail of Tears, highlighting the broader themes of U.S. treaty-making processes and historical contexts involving Native American tribes during the 19th century.
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