Institutional isomorphism

Definition

Institutional isomorphism is a concept that describes the process by which organizations in similar environments become increasingly alike in their structures, practices, and norms. This occurs due to various pressures, including coercive, mimetic, and normative influences, which drive organizations to adopt similar policies or practices, often as a response to external expectations or competition. This phenomenon is particularly relevant in understanding how policies are transferred and adapted between countries, as organizations may emulate successful models from other contexts.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Institutional isomorphism can lead to a homogenization of practices across organizations, reducing diversity in approaches to similar issues.
2. Coercive pressures often arise from legal regulations or funding requirements that compel organizations to align with specific standards.
3. Mimetic isomorphism typically occurs in situations of uncertainty where organizations look to successful peers for guidance on best practices.
4. Normative isomorphism highlights the role of education and professional training in shaping organizational behaviors and practices.
5. The concept can explain why certain policies gain traction in multiple countries, as governments may adopt practices perceived as effective based on their observed success elsewhere.

Review Questions

• How does coercive isomorphism influence the adoption of policies among organizations?
  • Coercive isomorphism influences policy adoption by imposing external pressures on organizations, such as legal regulations or funding conditions. These pressures compel organizations to conform to specific standards set by authorities or influential bodies. As a result, organizations may change their practices not necessarily because they believe in their effectiveness but rather to avoid penalties or gain necessary resources.
• In what ways does mimetic isomorphism contribute to the spread of similar policies across different countries?
  • Mimetic isomorphism contributes to the spread of similar policies by encouraging organizations to imitate those they perceive as successful in navigating challenges. When faced with uncertainty regarding effective solutions, organizations may look at peers from other countries and adopt their policies and practices. This imitation can create a ripple effect, leading to widespread adoption of similar approaches across various contexts.
• Evaluate how normative isomorphism can shape the development and adaptation of public policies internationally.
  • Normative isomorphism shapes public policy development and adaptation internationally by embedding professional norms and standards within organizational cultures. As professionals in specific fields interact across borders, they share values and best practices, leading organizations to adopt similar policies. This interconnectedness not only facilitates the transfer of ideas but also promotes a shared understanding of what constitutes effective policy, often resulting in aligned approaches among diverse nations.

Related terms

coercive isomorphism: A form of institutional isomorphism that occurs when organizations are pressured to conform to certain standards or regulations imposed by external entities, such as governments or regulatory bodies.

mimetic isomorphism: This type of isomorphism happens when organizations imitate the practices of others in response to uncertainty or a lack of clear information about what practices are effective.

normative isomorphism: A type of institutional isomorphism driven by professional norms and standards, often resulting from the influence of professional networks and associations on organizational behavior.