Monohybrid

Definition

A monohybrid cross is a genetic mix between two individuals who have homozygous genotypes, or gene pairs, that result in opposite phenotypes for a specific trait. This type of cross examines the inheritance of a single characteristic.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. A monohybrid cross involves parents that are heterozygous for one trait.
2. The expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation from a monohybrid cross is 3:1.
3. Gregor Mendel's work with pea plants established the foundation for understanding monohybrid crosses.
4. Monohybrid crosses are used to demonstrate Mendel's First Law, also known as the Law of Segregation.
5. In a Punnett square depicting a monohybrid cross, each box represents an equally likely product of fertilization.

Review Questions

• What is the phenotypic ratio typically observed in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross?
• How does a monohybrid cross illustrate Mendel's Law of Segregation?
• What genotype combinations do parents involved in a standard monohybrid cross possess?

Related terms

Dihybrid Cross: A genetic mix between two individuals who have different alleles for two traits.

Law of Segregation: Mendelian principle stating that during the formation of gametes, alleles for each gene segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.

Heterozygous: Having two different alleles for a particular gene or trait.