Gametangia

Definition

Gametangia are specialized organs or cells in plants, algae, and fungi that produce and contain gametes. They play a crucial role in the reproductive cycle of these organisms by facilitating sexual reproduction.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gametangia can be found in both male and female forms, known as antheridia and archegonia, respectively.
2. In non-vascular plants like mosses and liverworts, gametangia are prominent structures where fertilization occurs.
3. The archegonium produces a single egg cell, while the antheridium produces multiple sperm cells.
4. Gametangia provide a protected environment for developing gametes, preventing desiccation especially in terrestrial habitats.
5. Fern gametophytes also develop gametangia on their undersides during the haploid phase of their life cycle.

Review Questions

• What are the two types of gametangia found in plants?
• How do gametangia protect the developing gametes?
• In which phase of the fern life cycle do gametophytes develop gametangia?

Related terms

Antheridium: A male sex organ in plants, algae, and fungi that produces sperm cells.

Archegonium: A female sex organ in plants and some algae that produces an egg cell.

Gametophyte: The haploid phase of a plant's life cycle that produces gametes through mitosis.