Cones

Definition

Cones are the reproductive structures of gymnosperms, such as pines and firs. They contain the seeds or pollen needed for reproduction.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cones can be either male or female, with male cones producing pollen and female cones producing seeds.
2. Female cones are typically larger than male cones and have woody scales.
3. Gymnosperms rely on wind for the pollination process, transferring pollen from male to female cones.
4. After fertilization, the seeds develop within the female cone until they are mature enough to be dispersed.
5. Some species have serotinous cones that only release seeds in response to environmental triggers like fire.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of a cone in gymnosperms?
• How do male and female cones differ in structure and function?
• What mechanism do gymnosperms primarily rely on for pollination?

Related terms

Gymnosperm: Non-flowering seed plants that produce cones instead of flowers.

Pollen: A fine powdery substance consisting of microscopic grains discharged from the male part of a cone.

Serotiny: An ecological adaptation where seed release occurs in response to an environmental trigger, rather than spontaneously at seed maturation.