Colon

Definition

The colon, also known as the large intestine, is a part of the digestive system that reabsorbs water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter. It compacts waste into feces to be eliminated through the rectum.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The colon is divided into four main sections: ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid.
2. It plays a crucial role in absorbing water and salts from food remnants after they pass through the small intestine.
3. Beneficial bacteria in the colon help ferment undigested carbohydrates, producing gases and fatty acids.
4. The colon is about 1.5 meters (5 feet) long.
5. Conditions such as colitis and colorectal cancer can affect the colon's function.

Review Questions

• What are the four main sections of the colon?
• How does the colon contribute to water absorption in the digestive process?
• What role do beneficial bacteria play in the colon?

Related terms

smallIntestine: A part of the digestive system where most nutrient absorption occurs.

rectum: The final section of the large intestine that stores feces before they are expelled.

microbiome: The community of microorganisms living in a particular environment, such as the gut.