Spiking neurons are a type of neuron that communicate through discrete electrical impulses, or spikes, which occur when the neuron's membrane potential reaches a specific threshold. These spikes carry information and are fundamental for encoding neural signals in the brain, playing a crucial role in various neural processes, including synaptic transmission and network dynamics. Their behavior can often be described using mathematical models, which helps in understanding their role in criticality and self-organized criticality within neural systems.
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