Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition is a mathematical technique used to solve large-scale linear programming problems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable subproblems. This method enhances the efficiency of solving complex optimization models, especially those with a block structure, by separating the problem into a master problem and several subproblems that can be solved iteratively. It connects to column generation, where new variables (or columns) are generated dynamically to improve the solution of the master problem.
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