Heterothallic

Definition

Heterothallic fungi require two different but compatible mycelia to undergo sexual reproduction. They possess distinct mating types that must interact for the formation of sexual spores.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Heterothallic fungi have two different mating types, often designated as '+' and '-'.
2. In heterothallic fungi, sexual reproduction occurs only when mycelia of opposite mating types come into contact.
3. Many species of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota exhibit heterothallism.
4. Heterothallic reproduction enhances genetic diversity by ensuring cross-fertilization between different individuals.
5. Identification of mating types in heterothallic fungi often involves molecular markers or specific morphological features.

Review Questions

• What is required for sexual reproduction to occur in heterothallic fungi?
• Why does heterothallism enhance genetic diversity in fungal populations?
• Which major fungal phyla commonly exhibit heterothallism?

Related terms

Homothallic: Fungi capable of sexual reproduction using a single mycelium that contains both mating types.

Mycelium: The vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a network of fine white filaments (hyphae).

Mating Type: Specific alleles or genes that determine the compatibility of fungal strains for sexual reproduction.