Gonadotropins

Definition

Gonadotropins are hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulate the activity of the gonads (ovaries and testes). The primary gonadotropins are luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gonadotropins play a crucial role in regulating reproductive processes, including gametogenesis and steroidogenesis.
2. The secretion of LH and FSH is regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.
3. In females, LH triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum, while FSH promotes the growth of ovarian follicles.
4. In males, LH stimulates testosterone production from Leydig cells, whereas FSH supports spermatogenesis in Sertoli cells.
5. Abnormal levels of gonadotropins can lead to disorders like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hypogonadism.

Review Questions

• What are the two primary types of gonadotropins?
• How does GnRH influence the secretion of gonadotropins?
• What roles do LH and FSH play in male and female reproductive systems?

Related terms

Luteinizing Hormone (LH): A hormone that triggers ovulation in females and stimulates testosterone production in males.

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): A hormone that promotes ovarian follicle growth in females and spermatogenesis in males.

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH): A hypothalamic hormone that regulates the release of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary gland.