Genetic engineering

Definition

Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's DNA using biotechnology. It involves techniques to alter, insert, or remove genes to achieve desired traits or outcomes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Genetic engineering can be used to produce genetically modified organisms (GMOs) with enhanced traits like pest resistance or higher nutritional value.
2. The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a revolutionary tool in genetic engineering that allows for precise gene editing.
3. Ethical concerns and regulatory issues are significant considerations in the application of genetic engineering technologies.
4. Gene therapy involves using genetic engineering techniques to treat or prevent diseases by correcting defective genes.
5. Transgenic animals and plants are common products of genetic engineering used in research, agriculture, and medicine.

Review Questions

• What is the role of CRISPR-Cas9 in genetic engineering?
• Name one ethical concern associated with genetic engineering.
• How does gene therapy utilize genetic engineering techniques?

Related terms

CRISPR-Cas9: A genome editing tool that allows for precise modification of DNA sequences.

Gene Therapy: A medical technique that uses genes to treat or prevent diseases by inserting, altering, or removing genes within a patient's cells.

Transgenic Organism: An organism whose genome has been altered by the inclusion of genes from another species through genetic engineering.