The Founding of Rome

Definition

The Founding of Rome refers to the legendary and historical events surrounding the establishment of the city of Rome in 753 BCE, primarily attributed to the twin brothers Romulus and Remus. This event is central to Roman mythology and national identity, serving as a symbol of strength, resilience, and the divine right to rule. The narrative combines historical elements with mythological aspects, emphasizing themes of survival, conflict, and divine favor that shaped early Roman culture.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. According to legend, Romulus and Remus were raised by a she-wolf after being abandoned at birth, symbolizing both the strength and vulnerability inherent in Rome's origins.
2. Romulus ultimately killed Remus over a disagreement regarding the location of their new city, emphasizing themes of ambition and conflict in Roman identity.
3. The date of April 21, 753 BCE, is traditionally recognized as the founding date of Rome, celebrated as Parilia, a festival honoring shepherds and agriculture.
4. The founding myth served not only to explain Rome's origins but also to provide a moral framework for Roman values such as duty, bravery, and piety.
5. Livy's work 'Ab Urbe Condita' recounts the history of Rome from its founding through the Republic, highlighting key events that shaped Roman national identity.

Review Questions

• How do the legends surrounding Romulus and Remus illustrate key themes in Roman culture?
  • The legends surrounding Romulus and Remus illustrate key themes such as survival against adversity, the importance of conflict in shaping identity, and the notion of divine favor. Their story reflects the idea that greatness often arises from struggle and rivalry, as seen when Romulus kills Remus to establish his authority. This narrative reinforces values like courage and resilience that became central to Roman culture.
• Discuss the significance of Livy's 'Ab Urbe Condita' in understanding the founding of Rome.
  • Livy's 'Ab Urbe Condita' is significant because it provides a comprehensive account of Rome's history from its mythical founding through its early Republic. Livy uses both historical facts and mythological narratives to convey not just what happened but also why these events are essential for understanding Roman identity. His work emphasizes moral lessons derived from Rome's origins, highlighting how myths contribute to national history.
• Evaluate how the myth of Aeneas connects to the founding of Rome and its implications for Roman identity.
  • The myth of Aeneas serves as a critical connection between Troy and Rome, emphasizing that Romans saw themselves as descendants of heroic figures with divine connections. Aeneas' journey symbolizes duty and destiny, suggesting that Romans were fated to establish a great civilization. This narrative enriches the founding myths by linking them to broader themes of heritage and purpose, enhancing Roman identity as one rooted in valor and divine support.

Related terms

Romulus: Romulus is the legendary founder of Rome, credited with establishing its first government and institutions after the fateful conflict with his brother Remus.

Remus: Remus is the twin brother of Romulus who is said to have been killed by Romulus during a dispute over the founding of Rome, representing themes of rivalry and conflict.

Aeneas: Aeneas is a Trojan hero in Roman mythology whose journey to Italy is depicted in Virgil's 'Aeneid,' symbolizing the link between Troy and the founding of Rome.