Legitimacy of rule

Definition

Legitimacy of rule refers to the rightful authority or acceptance of a ruler's power by the governed. It involves the perception that the ruler has the right to lead, often grounded in historical, legal, or moral foundations. In the context of Shakespeare's history plays, this concept is pivotal as it shapes the political landscape and character motivations throughout the narratives.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In Shakespeare's history plays, such as 'Henry IV' and 'Richard III', characters often grapple with questions of legitimacy, influencing their actions and relationships.
2. The legitimacy of rule can be challenged through usurpation, rebellion, or civil conflict, as seen in plays where claimants vie for the throne.
3. Shakespeare's portrayal of historical figures reflects contemporary debates about power and legitimacy during the Elizabethan era.
4. The theme of legitimacy is often connected to concepts of honor and reputation, highlighting how personal integrity affects political authority.
5. The resolution of conflicts regarding legitimacy often leads to significant political changes in Shakespeare's narratives, underscoring its importance in shaping historical events.

Review Questions

• How does Shakespeare illustrate the concept of legitimacy of rule through character motivations and conflicts in his history plays?
  • Shakespeare illustrates the legitimacy of rule by showcasing characters whose motivations are heavily influenced by their perception of rightful authority. For instance, in 'Richard III', Richard’s usurpation challenges the established order, while Henry IV’s struggle to solidify his claim reflects his need to prove his legitimacy. These character arcs highlight how personal ambition intertwines with political legitimacy, affecting alliances and conflicts throughout the plays.
• Discuss how historical context influences the portrayal of legitimacy of rule in Shakespeare's plays.
  • The portrayal of legitimacy in Shakespeare's plays is deeply intertwined with the historical context of Elizabethan England. During this time, questions about the Divine Right of Kings and succession crises were prevalent. Shakespeare uses these themes to resonate with audiences who were concerned about stability and rightful leadership after tumultuous periods like the Wars of the Roses. This connection between history and narrative enhances the depth of his characters' struggles for power.
• Evaluate the impact of legitimacy of rule on the outcomes of power struggles depicted in Shakespeare's history plays.
  • The legitimacy of rule significantly impacts outcomes in power struggles within Shakespeare's history plays by dictating who can maintain control and who ultimately prevails. For example, Henry V's ascension is marked by his quest for recognition as a legitimate king, which unites factions under his banner during warfare. Conversely, Richard III's lack of legitimate claim leads to his downfall. Thus, Shakespeare demonstrates that legitimacy not only shapes individual destinies but also has broader implications for political stability and societal order.

Related terms

Divine Right of Kings: A political and religious doctrine that asserts a monarch's legitimacy comes directly from God, making their authority unquestionable.

Usurpation: The act of taking power unlawfully or by force, challenging the established legitimacy of a ruler's authority.

Political Discourse: The ways in which political ideas and legitimacy are communicated and debated within society, often influencing perceptions of authority.