Opisthodomos

Definition

Opisthodomos refers to the back chamber of a Greek temple, often functioning as a storage space for valuable offerings or sacred objects. This area was typically located behind the main cella, or inner chamber, and sometimes had its own entrance, reflecting the significance of what it housed. In terms of design, the opisthodomos contributed to the overall architectural symmetry and balance of Greek temples.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The opisthodomos is typically located at the rear of a temple, often mirroring the front porch (pronaos) structure.
2. In many temples, the opisthodomos was used to store offerings and treasuries, safeguarding items that were significant for worship.
3. Some temples featured an opisthodomos with decorative columns or elaborate pediments, enhancing its visual importance.
4. The use of opisthodomos varied among different temple styles and periods, but it consistently served an essential role in religious practices.
5. Temples like the Parthenon prominently featured an opisthodomos, illustrating its function in Athenian religious life and architecture.

Review Questions

• How does the design of the opisthodomos contribute to the overall architectural aesthetics of Greek temples?
  • The design of the opisthodomos plays a crucial role in enhancing the architectural aesthetics of Greek temples by maintaining symmetry and balance in their structure. Its positioning at the rear, mirroring the pronaos at the front, creates a harmonious look that is pleasing to the eye. The use of columns and decorative elements in the opisthodomos not only serves functional purposes but also contributes to the grandeur and visual impact of the temple as a whole.
• Discuss the cultural significance of the offerings stored in the opisthodomos within Greek religious practices.
  • The cultural significance of offerings stored in the opisthodomos is deeply intertwined with Greek religious practices. This space acted as a sacred repository for valuable items dedicated to deities, symbolizing devotion and piety. The careful placement and storage of these offerings reflected both respect for the gods and a communal identity centered around shared religious beliefs. Thus, the opisthodomos became an important focal point in rituals and ceremonies that highlighted community values and religious commitment.
• Evaluate how variations in the use and design of opisthodomos across different temples reflect shifts in religious practices and societal values in ancient Greece.
  • The variations in both use and design of opisthodomos across different temples highlight significant shifts in religious practices and societal values throughout ancient Greece. For instance, as certain city-states gained prominence, their temples often incorporated more elaborate opisthodomos designs to reflect their wealth and devotion. Similarly, changes in what was considered sacred or valuable over time influenced how these spaces were utilized. This adaptability shows how architecture not only served practical purposes but also mirrored evolving cultural narratives and priorities within ancient Greek society.

Related terms

Cella:

The main inner chamber of a temple, where the cult statue of the deity was placed and where rituals were conducted.

Naos: Another term for the inner chamber of a temple, synonymous with cella, which housed the deity's image and was central to worship.

Peristyle:

A continuous row of columns that surrounds a temple or courtyard, providing support and creating a grand entrance to the sacred space.