Harvard College

Definition

Harvard College, established in 1636, is the undergraduate college of Harvard University and is the oldest institution of higher education in the United States. It played a significant role in shaping educational standards and religious thought in colonial America, particularly within New England, influencing both the expansion of settlements and the cultural dynamics of Puritan society.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Harvard College was initially founded to train clergy and promote religious education among Puritans, reflecting the strong religious influence on its early curriculum.
2. The college's establishment led to an increase in educated individuals within New England settlements, contributing to regional differences in social and political thought.
3. Harvard's alumni included influential leaders of the American Revolution and other key figures in early American history, showcasing its impact on national development.
4. The curriculum at Harvard College evolved over time to include a wider range of subjects beyond theology, including humanities and sciences, mirroring broader social and cultural changes in 18th-century New England.
5. Harvard College's prestige helped shape educational practices across New England, fostering a culture that valued education and intellectual discourse.

Review Questions

• How did Harvard College contribute to the educational landscape of colonial America, especially in relation to regional differences?
  • Harvard College significantly influenced the educational landscape by providing advanced training for clergy and other leaders. Its establishment led to a rise in literacy and education among the Puritan community and beyond. This focus on education helped to create a more informed populace, contributing to distinct regional differences as other settlements emulated Harvard's model or developed their own educational institutions tailored to local needs.
• In what ways did Puritan values shape the curriculum and mission of Harvard College during its early years?
  • Puritan values heavily influenced Harvard College's mission and curriculum, as it was founded primarily to train ministers for the growing Puritan community. The curriculum reflected these values by emphasizing theology, ethics, and moral philosophy. This focus ensured that graduates not only understood religious doctrine but also were prepared to lead their communities with a strong moral compass rooted in Puritan beliefs.
• Evaluate the long-term impacts of Harvard College on higher education in America and how it influenced societal changes throughout New England in the 18th century.
  • Harvard College set a precedent for higher education in America by establishing rigorous academic standards and promoting a liberal arts education. Its alumni played pivotal roles in political thought and revolutionary ideals, which encouraged a spirit of inquiry and reform throughout New England. The emphasis on education led to greater social mobility, shifting societal norms as more individuals sought higher learning. This influence continued to evolve, making Harvard a model for future institutions across the nation.

Related terms

Puritanism: A religious reform movement that arose within the Church of England, advocating for greater purity and adherence to biblical principles, significantly influencing early American society.

Ivy League: A group of eight private colleges and universities in the Northeastern United States known for their high academic standards and significant history, with Harvard College being a founding member.

Higher Education: Post-secondary education that includes colleges and universities, critical in shaping the intellectual landscape of early America and promoting social mobility.