Affirmative Action: Affirmative action refers to policies or programs aimed at increasing opportunities for historically disadvantaged groups by considering their race, gender, or other protected characteristics in areas such as education and employment.
Equal Protection Clause: The Equal Protection Clause is part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. It guarantees that no state shall deny any person within its jurisdiction equal protection under the law.
Civil Rights Act of 1964: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is landmark legislation that prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in various areas including employment and public accommodations.