Functional group

Definition

A functional group is a specific group of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. They play a critical role in the structure and function of organic compounds, including those essential to human functioning.

Related terms

Carboxyl Group: A carboxyl group (-COOH) acts as an acid by releasing hydrogen ions into solutions and is found in amino acids and fatty acids.

Amino Group: An amino group (-NH2) acts as a base by picking up hydrogen ions from solutions and is integral to the structure of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins.

Hydroxyl Group: A hydroxyl group (-OH) is involved in dehydration synthesis reactions and is present in alcohols and sugars, contributing to their solubility in water