💀Anatomy and Physiology I

Unit 1 – An Introduction to the Human Body

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1.1

Overview of Anatomy and Physiology

3 min read

1.2

Structural Organization of the Human Body

3 min read

1.3

Functions of Human Life

3 min read

1.4

Requirements for Human Life

3 min read

1.5

Homeostasis

3 min read

1.6

Anatomical Terminology

3 min read

1.7

Medical Imaging

4 min read

Unit 2 – The Chemical Level of Organization

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2.1

Elements and Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter

3 min read

2.2

Chemical Bonds

4 min read

2.3

Chemical Reactions

3 min read

2.4

Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning

2 min read

2.5

Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning

3 min read

Unit 3 – The Cellular Level of Organization

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3.1

The Cell Membrane

3 min read

3.2

The Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles

4 min read

3.3

The Nucleus and DNA Replication

3 min read

3.4

Protein Synthesis

3 min read

3.5

Cell Growth and Division

4 min read

3.6

Cellular Differentiation

3 min read

Unit 4 – The Tissue Level of Organization

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4.1

Types of Tissues

4 min read

4.2

Epithelial Tissue

3 min read

4.3

Connective Tissue Supports and Protects

5 min read

4.4

Muscle Tissue and Motion

3 min read

4.5

Nervous Tissue Mediates Perception and Response

4 min read

4.6

Tissue Injury and Aging

4 min read

Unit 5 – The Integumentary System

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5.1

Layers of the Skin

3 min read

5.2

Accessory Structures of the Skin

3 min read

5.3

Functions of the Integumentary System

3 min read

5.4

Diseases, Disorders, and Injuries of the Integumentary System

3 min read

Unit 6 – Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System

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6.1

The Functions of the Skeletal System

2 min read

6.2

Bone Classification

3 min read

6.3

Bone Structure

4 min read

6.4

Bone Formation and Development

3 min read

6.5

Fractures: Bone Repair

3 min read

6.6

Exercise, Nutrition, Hormones, and Bone Tissue

4 min read

6.7

Calcium Homeostasis: Interactions of the Skeletal System and Other Organ Systems

3 min read

Unit 7 – Axial Skeleton

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7.1

Divisions of the Skeletal System

3 min read

7.2

The Skull

6 min read

7.3

The Vertebral Column

3 min read

7.4

The Thoracic Cage

3 min read

7.5

Embryonic Development of the Axial Skeleton

3 min read

Unit 8 – The Appendicular Skeleton

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8.1

The Pectoral Girdle

3 min read

8.2

Bones of the Upper Limb

4 min read

8.3

The Pelvic Girdle and Pelvis

4 min read

8.4

Bones of the Lower Limb

4 min read

8.5

Development of the Appendicular Skeleton

3 min read

Unit 9 – Joints

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9.1

Classification of Joints

3 min read

9.2

Fibrous Joints

2 min read

9.3

Cartilaginous Joints

2 min read

9.4

Synovial Joints

3 min read

9.5

Types of Body Movements

3 min read

9.6

Anatomy of Selected Synovial Joints

3 min read

9.7

Development of Joints

2 min read

Unit 10 – Muscle Tissue

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10.1

Overview of Muscle Tissues

4 min read

10.2

Skeletal Muscle

5 min read

10.3

Muscle Fiber Contraction and Relaxation

3 min read

10.4

Nervous System Control of Muscle Tension

2 min read

10.5

Types of Muscle Fibers

3 min read

10.6

Exercise and Muscle Performance

3 min read

10.7

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

3 min read

10.8

Smooth Muscle

2 min read

10.9

Development and Regeneration of Muscle Tissue

3 min read

Unit 11 – The Muscular System

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11.1

Interactions of Skeletal Muscles, Their Fascicle Arrangement, and Their Lever Systems

3 min read

11.2

Naming Skeletal Muscles

4 min read

11.3

Axial Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Back

3 min read

11.4

Axial Muscles of the Abdominal Wall, and Thorax

3 min read

11.5

Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs

4 min read

11.6

Appendicular Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs

5 min read

Unit 12 – The Nervous System: Tissue & Function

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12.1

Basic Structure and Function of the Nervous System

3 min read

12.2

Nervous Tissue

4 min read

12.3

The Function of Nervous Tissue

4 min read

12.4

The Action Potential

3 min read

12.5

Communication Between Neurons

3 min read

Unit 13 – Anatomy of the Nervous System

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13.1

The Embryologic Perspective

3 min read

13.2

The Central Nervous System

4 min read

13.3

Circulation and the Central Nervous System

4 min read

13.4

The Peripheral Nervous System

4 min read

Unit 14 – The Somatic Nervous System

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14.1

Sensory Perception

5 min read

14.2

Central Processing

4 min read

14.3

Motor Responses

4 min read

Unit 15 – The Autonomic Nervous System

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15.1

Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

3 min read

15.2

Autonomic Reflexes and Homeostasis

3 min read

15.3

Central Control

4 min read

15.4

Drugs that Affect the Autonomic System

3 min read

Unit 16 – The Neurological Exam

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16.1

Overview of the Neurological Exam

3 min read

16.2

The Mental Status Exam

3 min read

16.3

The Cranial Nerve Exam

6 min read

16.4

The Sensory and Motor Exams

4 min read

16.5

The Coordination and Gait Exams

3 min read

Unit 17 – The Endocrine System

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17.1

An Overview of the Endocrine System

3 min read

17.2

Hormones

3 min read

17.3

The Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus

4 min read

17.4

The Thyroid Gland

3 min read

17.5

The Parathyroid Glands

2 min read

17.6

The Adrenal Glands

3 min read

17.7

The Pineal Gland

3 min read

17.8

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

3 min read

17.9

The Endocrine Pancreas

3 min read

17.10

Organs with Secondary Endocrine Functions

4 min read

17.11

Development and Aging of the Endocrine System

3 min read

Unit 18 – The Cardiovascular System – Blood

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18.1

An Overview of Blood

3 min read

18.2

Production of the Formed Elements

3 min read

18.3

Erythrocytes

3 min read

18.4

Leukocytes and Platelets

4 min read

18.5

Hemostasis

3 min read

18.6

Blood Typing

4 min read

Unit 19 – The Cardiovascular System – The Heart

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19.1

Heart Anatomy

4 min read

19.2

Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity

5 min read

19.3

Cardiac Cycle

3 min read

19.4

Cardiac Physiology

3 min read

19.5

Development of the Heart

3 min read

Unit 20 – Cardiovascular System: Blood & Circulation

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20.1

Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

4 min read

20.2

Blood Flow, Blood Pressure, and Resistance

3 min read

20.3

Capillary Exchange

3 min read

20.4

Homeostatic Regulation of the Vascular System

3 min read

20.5

Circulatory Pathways

3 min read

20.6

Development of Blood Vessels and Fetal Circulation

3 min read

Unit 21 – The Lymphatic and Immune System

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21.1

Anatomy of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems

3 min read

21.2

Barrier Defenses and the Innate Immune Response

4 min read

21.3

The Adaptive Immune Response: T lymphocytes and Their Functional Types

4 min read

21.4

The Adaptive Immune Response: B-lymphocytes and Antibodies

3 min read

21.5

The Immune Response against Pathogens

3 min read

21.6

Diseases Associated with Depressed or Overactive Immune Responses

3 min read

21.7

Transplantation and Cancer Immunology

3 min read

Unit 22 – The Respiratory System

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22.1

Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System

3 min read

22.2

The Lungs

3 min read

22.3

The Process of Breathing

6 min read

22.4

Gas Exchange

3 min read

22.5

Transport of Gases

3 min read

22.6

Modifications in Respiratory Functions

3 min read

22.7

Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System

3 min read

Unit 23 – The Digestive System

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23.1

Overview of the Digestive System

4 min read

23.2

Digestive System Processes and Regulation

3 min read

23.3

The Mouth, Pharynx, and Esophagus

3 min read

23.4

The Stomach

4 min read

23.5

The Small and Large Intestines

4 min read

23.6

Accessory Organs in Digestion: The Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder

3 min read

23.7

Chemical Digestion and Absorption: A Closer Look

3 min read

Unit 24 – Metabolism and Nutrition

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24.1

Overview of Metabolic Reactions

4 min read

24.2

Carbohydrate Metabolism

3 min read

24.3

Lipid Metabolism

3 min read

24.4

Protein Metabolism

3 min read

24.5

Metabolic States of the Body

3 min read

24.6

Energy and Heat Balance

3 min read

24.7

Nutrition and Diet

3 min read

Unit 25 – The Urinary System

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25.1

Physical Characteristics of Urine

3 min read

25.2

Gross Anatomy of Urine Transport

3 min read

25.3

Gross Anatomy of the Kidney

4 min read

25.4

Microscopic Anatomy of the Kidney

5 min read

25.5

Physiology of Urine Formation

5 min read

25.6

Tubular Reabsorption

5 min read

25.7

Regulation of Renal Blood Flow

2 min read

25.8

Endocrine Regulation of Kidney Function

3 min read

25.9

Regulation of Fluid Volume and Composition

3 min read

25.10

The Urinary System and Homeostasis

5 min read

Unit 26 – Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Homeostasis

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26.1

Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments

3 min read

26.2

Water Balance

3 min read

26.3

Electrolyte Balance

3 min read

26.4

Acid-Base Balance

3 min read

26.5

Disorders of Acid-Base Balance

3 min read

Unit 27 – The Reproductive System

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27.1

Anatomy and Physiology of the Testicular Reproductive System

3 min read

27.2

Anatomy and Physiology of the Ovarian Reproductive System

4 min read

27.3

Development of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems

3 min read

Unit 28 – Development and Inheritance

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28.1

Fertilization

3 min read

28.2

Embryonic Development

4 min read

28.3

Fetal Development

4 min read

28.4

Changes During Pregnancy, Labor, and Birth

3 min read

28.5

Adjustments of the Infant at Birth and Postnatal Stages

3 min read

28.6

Lactation

3 min read

28.7

Patterns of Inheritance

3 min read

What do you learn in Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy & Physiology covers the structure and function of the human body. You'll explore body systems like skeletal, muscular, nervous, and cardiovascular. The course dives into cell biology, tissues, organs, and how they all work together. You'll learn about homeostasis, body chemistry, and how different systems interact to keep us alive and kicking.

Is Anatomy & Physiology hard?

A&P has a rep for being tough, and yeah, it can be challenging. There's a ton of info to memorize, like bone names, muscle groups, and body processes. The concepts can get pretty complex too. But here's the thing: if you're into how the body works, it's actually super interesting. Stay on top of the material, and you'll be fine. It's not impossible, just takes some serious effort.

Tips for taking Anatomy & Physiology in college

  1. Use Fiveable Study Guides to help you cram 🌶️
  2. Make flashcards for all those body parts and processes
  3. Draw diagrams to visualize concepts like the heart's blood flow
  4. Join study groups to quiz each other on muscle functions
  5. Use mnemonics for remembering stuff like cranial nerves
  6. Watch YouTube videos explaining tricky concepts like action potentials
  7. Practice labeling blank anatomy diagrams
  8. Relate what you're learning to your own body (like feeling your pulse)
  9. Check out documentaries like "The Incredible Human Journey" for context
  10. Use 3D anatomy apps to explore body systems interactively

Common pre-requisites for Anatomy & Physiology

  1. General Biology: Covers basic principles of life, including cell structure, genetics, and evolution. This course lays the foundation for understanding more complex biological systems.

  2. Chemistry: Introduces atomic structure, chemical bonding, and basic reactions. It's crucial for understanding the biochemical processes in the human body.

  3. Human Biology: Focuses specifically on human body systems and their functions. This course provides a solid intro to human anatomy and physiology concepts.

Classes similar to Anatomy & Physiology

  1. Microbiology: Explores the world of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. You'll learn about their structure, function, and impact on human health.

  2. Pathophysiology: Examines how diseases affect normal body functions. This course dives into the mechanisms behind various disorders and their effects on different body systems.

  3. Kinesiology: Studies human movement and body mechanics. You'll learn about muscle actions, joint movements, and how the body generates and controls motion.

  4. Neuroscience: Focuses on the nervous system, including brain structure and function. This course explores how neurons work, brain regions, and cognitive processes.

Majors related to Anatomy & Physiology

  1. Nursing: Focuses on patient care, health promotion, and disease prevention. Nurses work directly with patients, applying their knowledge of anatomy and physiology in clinical settings.

  2. Physical Therapy: Involves rehabilitating patients with injuries or disabilities. Physical therapists use their understanding of body mechanics and anatomy to develop treatment plans.

  3. Exercise Science: Studies how the body responds to physical activity. Exercise scientists apply their knowledge to improve athletic performance, fitness, and overall health.

  4. Pre-Med: Prepares students for medical school and a career as a physician. Pre-med students take a wide range of science courses, including anatomy and physiology, to build a strong foundation for medical studies.

What can you do with a degree in Anatomy & Physiology?

  1. Medical Illustrator: Creates visual representations of anatomical structures and medical procedures. They combine artistic skills with scientific knowledge to produce accurate and informative illustrations for textbooks, medical journals, and educational materials.

  2. Physician Assistant: Works under the supervision of doctors to diagnose and treat patients. PAs perform physical exams, order tests, prescribe medications, and assist in surgeries.

  3. Research Scientist: Conducts studies on human biology and health. They might work in labs, universities, or pharmaceutical companies, investigating new treatments or exploring how the body functions.

  4. Forensic Anthropologist: Analyzes human remains to assist in criminal investigations. They use their knowledge of skeletal anatomy to determine age, sex, and cause of death from bones.

Anatomy & Physiology FAQs

  1. How much memorization is involved? There's quite a bit, especially for bones, muscles, and body systems. But don't worry, you'll develop strategies to make it manageable.

  2. Are lab sessions included in the course? Most A&P courses include lab work where you'll dissect specimens and use microscopes. It's hands-on learning that really helps solidify the concepts.

  3. How does this course relate to medical fields? A&P is foundational for pretty much any healthcare career. It gives you the basic understanding of how the body works, which is crucial for diagnosing and treating patients.

  4. Can I take A&P online? Many schools offer online options, but be prepared for virtual labs. You might miss out on some hands-on experience, but it can be more flexible for your schedule.

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About FiveableBlogCareersTestimonialsCode of ConductTerms of UsePrivacy PolicyCCPA Privacy Policy
Resources
Cram ModeAP Score CalculatorsStudy GuidesPractice QuizzesGlossaryCrisis Text LineRequest a Feature
© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.
AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.
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