DNA replication

Definition

DNA replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA before it divides, ensuring that each new cell receives an exact copy of the parent cell's genetic material. It occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle and involves unwinding the DNA double helix, copying each strand, and correcting any errors to ensure fidelity.

Related terms

Helicase: An enzyme that unwinds the double-stranded DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between nucleotides during DNA replication.

DNA Polymerase: An enzyme that synthesizes new strands of DNA complementary to the original strands, ensuring accurate duplication of the genetic material.

S Phase: The phase in the cell cycle during which DNA replication occurs, positioned between G1 (growth phase 1) and G2 (growth phase 2)