Allergic Reactions

Definition

Allergic reactions are hypersensitive responses of the immune system to substances (allergens) that are typically harmless to most people. These reactions can range from mild symptoms, such as sneezing and itching, to severe responses like anaphylaxis, which is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention. Understanding allergic reactions is essential in the context of functional foods and nutraceuticals, as certain ingredients may trigger allergies in sensitive individuals.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Common food allergens include milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, soy, wheat, fish, and shellfish; these are responsible for the majority of allergic reactions related to food.
2. Labeling regulations require manufacturers to disclose common allergens in their products, helping consumers make informed choices about functional foods.
3. Functional foods often contain bioactive compounds that may benefit health but can also provoke allergic responses in some individuals.
4. Testing for allergies typically involves skin prick tests or blood tests to identify specific allergens responsible for reactions.
5. Education about potential allergens in nutraceuticals is crucial for consumers who may be at risk for allergic reactions, especially with dietary supplements and fortified foods.

Review Questions

• What role do common food allergens play in allergic reactions related to functional foods?
  • Common food allergens such as peanuts, tree nuts, and dairy can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive individuals when consumed in functional foods. These allergens are often included in many processed foods and supplements. It's important for consumers to read labels carefully to avoid these allergens and minimize the risk of adverse reactions.
• How do labeling regulations impact consumer safety concerning allergic reactions to functional foods?
  • Labeling regulations mandate that manufacturers clearly identify common allergens on product packaging. This transparency is crucial for consumer safety as it allows individuals with allergies to make informed decisions about what they consume. By understanding which ingredients may cause allergic reactions, consumers can better navigate the world of functional foods and nutraceuticals.
• Evaluate the implications of cross-reactivity for individuals with food allergies when considering the consumption of functional foods.
  • Cross-reactivity poses significant implications for individuals with food allergies because it can lead to unexpected allergic reactions. For example, a person allergic to birch pollen may also react to certain fruits due to similar proteins. This means that even if a functional food does not contain a known allergen, it could still provoke a reaction due to cross-reactivity. Thus, individuals must be educated about both their specific allergies and potential cross-reactive foods when incorporating functional foods into their diets.

Related terms

Allergen: A substance that can cause an allergic reaction, commonly found in foods, pollen, dust mites, and animal dander.

Anaphylaxis: A severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that occurs rapidly and requires immediate emergency treatment.

Cross-reactivity: A phenomenon where the immune system reacts to similar proteins in different allergens, leading to unexpected allergic reactions.