Ethical decision-making models

Definition

Ethical decision-making models are frameworks that guide individuals and organizations in evaluating ethical dilemmas and making morally sound decisions. These models incorporate principles of ethics, stakeholder considerations, and systematic analysis to navigate complex situations where values may conflict. They are essential tools in ensuring accountability and integrity in various fields, including research and communication.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ethical decision-making models typically involve steps like identifying the problem, considering the stakeholders, evaluating options, and making a decision based on ethical principles.
2. These models help individuals navigate conflicts between personal values and professional responsibilities, particularly in research contexts.
3. Common ethical decision-making models include the Four-Component Model and the PLUS Ethical Decision-Making Model, each emphasizing different aspects of ethical reasoning.
4. Applying ethical decision-making models can lead to more transparent processes in research, fostering trust among participants and stakeholders.
5. Ethical review processes often require researchers to justify their decisions using these models to ensure that ethical standards are upheld throughout their work.

Review Questions

• How do ethical decision-making models assist researchers in addressing ethical dilemmas?
  • Ethical decision-making models provide a structured approach for researchers facing ethical dilemmas by guiding them through critical evaluation steps. These models encourage researchers to identify the ethical issues at hand, consider the implications for stakeholders involved, and assess possible actions based on established ethical principles. By following these models, researchers can arrive at well-informed decisions that uphold integrity and respect for participants.
• Compare and contrast utilitarianism and deontology within the context of ethical decision-making models.
  • Utilitarianism focuses on the consequences of actions, promoting choices that maximize overall happiness or benefit for the greatest number of people. In contrast, deontology emphasizes adherence to moral rules or duties regardless of outcomes. In ethical decision-making models, these two theories offer differing approaches; utilitarianism may prioritize outcomes over individual rights while deontology ensures that fundamental moral principles are respected. Understanding both perspectives is essential for comprehensive ethical analysis.
• Evaluate the impact of applying ethical decision-making models on research accountability and participant trust.
  • Applying ethical decision-making models significantly enhances research accountability by establishing a clear framework for addressing ethical concerns. This transparency fosters trust among participants, as they see that researchers are committed to following structured guidelines that prioritize their well-being. When researchers justify their decisions through these models, it demonstrates a dedication to ethical practices, ultimately reinforcing the integrity of the research process and building confidence within the broader community.

Related terms

Utilitarianism:

A consequentialist ethical theory that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or well-being.

Deontology:

An ethical theory that focuses on the morality of actions based on adherence to rules or duties, regardless of the outcomes.

Informed Consent:

The process of obtaining voluntary agreement from individuals before participating in research, ensuring they understand the risks and benefits involved.