Criterion sampling

Definition

Criterion sampling is a non-probability sampling technique used in research where specific criteria are established to select participants who meet certain characteristics or conditions relevant to the study. This method allows researchers to focus on individuals or groups that possess the attributes necessary for exploring the research question, thereby enhancing the relevance and depth of the findings.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Criterion sampling is particularly useful in qualitative research, where the focus is on obtaining in-depth insights from a specific subset of individuals.
2. This sampling method requires researchers to clearly define the criteria for selection before starting the data collection process.
3. Participants chosen through criterion sampling may share common characteristics, such as age, gender, or experiences, which makes their input especially valuable for understanding specific issues.
4. Although criterion sampling can provide rich and targeted data, it may limit generalizability due to its non-random nature.
5. Researchers using criterion sampling must remain aware of potential biases that may arise from selecting only those who meet the established criteria.

Review Questions

• How does criterion sampling differ from other non-probability sampling techniques like purposive sampling?
  • Criterion sampling is a specific type of purposive sampling where participants are selected based on predetermined criteria relevant to the study. While both techniques focus on selecting individuals who can provide valuable insights, criterion sampling emphasizes strict adherence to specific characteristics that define eligibility. This can enhance the relevance of the data collected but may also restrict the diversity of perspectives represented in the findings.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of using criterion sampling in qualitative research studies?
  • The strengths of criterion sampling in qualitative research include the ability to gather rich, detailed data from participants who possess specific traits that are essential for understanding the phenomenon being studied. This targeted approach can lead to more meaningful insights. However, weaknesses include the potential for limited generalizability and increased risk of bias since only those meeting the criteria are included, which may not fully represent broader populations or perspectives.
• Evaluate how criterion sampling can impact the findings of a study and its implications for future research directions.
  • Criterion sampling can significantly shape a study's findings by providing deep insights from a select group of participants who share common traits or experiences. This focused approach can uncover nuances and complexities within specific contexts. However, it also raises questions about external validity, as results may not be applicable to wider populations. For future research directions, it highlights the need for complementary studies using different sampling methods to balance depth with broader applicability, ensuring comprehensive understanding of the topic at hand.

Related terms

Purposive sampling: A non-probability sampling method where researchers select participants based on specific purposes or criteria related to the research goals.

Sampling bias: A systematic error that occurs when the selected sample does not accurately represent the population, often due to flawed sampling methods.

Qualitative research: A research approach focused on understanding human experiences and social phenomena through methods such as interviews and observations.