Which development most directly challenged the constitutional theory used by Southern states to justify secession in 1860-1861?
The passage of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Andrew Jackson's response to the Nullification Crisis of 1832-33
The Hartford Convention's resolutions during the War of 1812
The Supreme Court's ruling in Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Verified for the 2025 AP US History exam•Citation:
Caleb Lagerwey
In the mid-1800's, the United States turned into an industrial power. The industrial machine was driven by immigration from Ireland and Germany and largely necessitated by Westward Expansion.