Nursing Ethical Principles to Know for Foundations of Nursing Practice

Nursing ethical principles guide how nurses interact with patients and make decisions. These principles, like autonomy and beneficence, ensure that care is respectful, fair, and focused on patient well-being, forming the foundation of effective nursing practice.

1. Autonomy

   • Patients have the right to make their own healthcare decisions.
   • Nurses must respect and support patients' choices, even if they differ from medical advice.
   • Informed decision-making is essential for promoting autonomy.

2. Beneficence

   • Nurses are obligated to act in the best interest of the patient.
   • This principle involves taking positive actions to promote patient well-being.
   • Balancing benefits against risks is crucial in nursing practice.

3. Non-maleficence

   • The principle of "do no harm" is fundamental in nursing.
   • Nurses must assess potential risks and avoid actions that could harm patients.
   • Continuous evaluation of care practices is necessary to uphold this principle.

4. Justice

   • Fair and equitable treatment of all patients is essential.
   • Nurses must advocate for equal access to healthcare resources.
   • This principle also involves addressing disparities in healthcare delivery.

5. Veracity

   • Truthfulness is vital in nurse-patient relationships.
   • Providing accurate information fosters trust and informed decision-making.
   • Nurses must balance honesty with the potential emotional impact on patients.

6. Fidelity

   • Nurses have a duty to keep promises and commitments to patients.
   • This principle emphasizes loyalty and maintaining professional relationships.
   • Upholding fidelity involves being accountable for one's actions and decisions.

7. Confidentiality

   • Protecting patient information is a legal and ethical obligation.
   • Nurses must ensure that personal health information is shared only with authorized individuals.
   • Breaches of confidentiality can undermine trust and patient safety.

8. Respect for human dignity

   • Every patient deserves to be treated with respect and dignity.
   • Nurses should recognize and honor the unique values and beliefs of each individual.
   • This principle promotes a compassionate and empathetic approach to care.

9. Informed consent

   • Patients must be fully informed about their treatment options and potential risks.
   • Obtaining consent is a collaborative process that respects patient autonomy.
   • Nurses play a key role in ensuring that patients understand the information provided.

10. Accountability

    • Nurses are responsible for their actions and the outcomes of their care.
    • This principle involves being answerable to patients, colleagues, and the healthcare system.
    • Continuous professional development is essential for maintaining accountability in practice.